Bacillus and microalgae biofertilizers improved quality and biomass of Salvia miltiorrhiza by altering microbial communities

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chmed.2022.01.008

Archive > Volume 15 Issue 1 > 2023,15(1):45-56. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chmed.2022.01.008 Prev Next

芽孢桿菌和微藻生物肥料通過(guò)改變丹參的微生物群落，提升丹參的品質(zhì)和生物量

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Bacillus and microalgae biofertilizers improved quality and biomass of Salvia miltiorrhiza by altering microbial communities

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摘要:

目的：生物肥料具有多種優(yōu)點(diǎn)，是化肥的可靠替代品。然而，生物肥料對(duì)丹參產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)的影響及其可能的機(jī)制尚不清楚。因此，本研究探究了施用芽孢桿菌和微藻兩種生物肥料后對(duì)田間丹參的影響。方法：對(duì)一年生丹參進(jìn)行了田間試驗(yàn)。共設(shè)六組處理：(i) 不施用菌劑的對(duì)照組, CK; (ii) 單施用微藻, VZ; (iii) 單施用芽孢桿菌, TTB; (iv) 微藻+芽孢桿菌 (1:1), VTA; (v) 微藻+芽孢桿菌 (0.5:1), VTB; (vi) 微藻+芽孢桿菌 (1:0.5), VTC。本研究采用高通量測(cè)序、ICP-MS和UPLC分別對(duì)微生物多樣性和結(jié)構(gòu)組成、丹參中重金屬和活性成分含量變化進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的研究。結(jié)果：與對(duì)照相比，菌劑處理組的丹參根系生物量增加了29.31%?60.39% (P < 0.001)。同時(shí)，施用生物肥料后，丹參中生物活性成分的含量明顯增高，特別是在TTB和VTB處理中。但是，在VTC和TTB處理中，丹參根中Pb的含量分別顯著降低了46.03% 和37.58% (P < 0.05)。在VTA處理中，土壤中有效氮的含量顯著提升了53.03% (P < 0.05), 土壤肥力有所改善。除此之外，在菌劑處理組中，土壤中細(xì)菌和真菌的Chao I 多樣性指數(shù)明顯提高 (P < 0.05), 并且生物改良劑增加了根際土壤中有益微生物的豐度，包括可促進(jìn)植物生長(zhǎng)的微生物(Achromobacter and Penicillium), 可吸收重金屬的微生物 (Achromobacter and Beauveria), 可抑制植物病原菌的微生物(Plectosphaerella, Lechevalieria, Sorangium, Phlebiopsis and Beauveria)以及可促進(jìn)活性物質(zhì)積累的微生物 (Beauveria and Phoma)。結(jié)論: 芽孢桿菌和微藻生物肥料可以通過(guò)改變土壤中的微生物群落來(lái)提高丹參的品質(zhì)和生物量。

Abstract:

Objective: Biofertilizers are reliable alternatives to chemical fertilizers due to various advantages. However, the effect of biofertilizers on Salvia miltiorrhiza yield and quality and the possible mechanisms remain little known. Here, an experiment was conducted in S. miltiorrhiza field treated with two kinds of biofertilizers including Bacillus and microalgae. Methods: A field experiment was conducted on S. miltiorrhiza of one year old. The biofertilizers were applied at six treatments: (i) control check, CK; (ii) microalgae, VZ; (iii) Bacillus, TTB; (iv) microalgae + Bacillus (1:1), VTA; (v) microalgae + Bacillus (0.5:1), VTB; (vi) microalgae + Bacillus (1:0.5), VTC. Here, high-throughput sequencing, ICP-MS and UPLC were employed to systematically characterize changes of microbial diversity and structure composition, heavy metals content and bioactive compounds, respectively. Results: Compared to CK, root biomass increased by 29.31%-60.39% (P < 0.001). Meanwhile, bioactive compounds were higher than CK after the application of the biofertilizers, peculiarly in TTB and VTB. However, the content of Pb contents in roots significantly reduced by 46.03% and 37.58% respectively in VTC and TTB (P < 0.05). VTA application notably increased the available nitrogen content by 53.03% (P < 0.05), indicating the improvement of soil fertility. Significantly, bacterial and fungal Chao I diversity indices showed an increasing trend with biofertilizer application (P < 0.05), and biofertilizer amendment enriched the rhizosphere soil with beneficial microorganisms that have abilities on promoting plant growth (Achromobacter and Penicillium), adsorbing heavy metal (Achromobacter and Beauveria), controlling plant pathogen (Plectosphaerella, Lechevalieria, Sorangium, Phlebiopsis and Beauveria) and promoting the accumulation of metabolites (Beauveria and Phoma). Conclusion: Bacillus and microalgae biofertilizers improved the quality and biomass of S. miltiorrhiza by altering microbial communities in soil.

關(guān)鍵詞:

生物肥料;植物生長(zhǎng);品質(zhì);根際微生物;丹參

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Project Supported:

This work was supported by grants from the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (CIFMS, No. 2021-I2M-1-071).

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