目的 探討迷迭香精油通過嗅覺通路改善C57BL/6小鼠學習記憶能力及其可能的機制。方法 通過鼻吸入迷迭香精油的方法，以毀損嗅上皮模型作對照，分組進行Lashley-III水迷宮和嗅覺辨識記憶實驗，并進行免疫組化，觀察各組小鼠海馬CA1區(qū)乙酰膽堿酯酶、谷氨酸的表達情況。結(jié)果 迷迭香精油組小鼠的水迷宮實驗和嗅覺辨別記憶實驗潛伏期低于其他組（P＜0.05），免疫組化結(jié)果顯示該組小鼠海馬CA1區(qū)乙酰膽堿酯酶、谷氨酸的表達增強。結(jié)論 迷迭香精油能夠通過嗅覺通路改善小鼠的學習記憶功能，其機制可能與嗅覺通路中神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)的改變有關。

Objective To study the function of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil (ROEO) on improving the learning and memory behavior in C57BL/6 mice through olfactory pathway and its possible mechanism. Methods The ROEO was given via inhalation and the damaged olfactory epithelium of mice was taken as the control model. The Lashley-III water maze and olfactory discrimination memory tests of mice were carried out and the expressions of AchE and Glu in hippocampus CA1 of mice were observed by immunohistochemistry in different groups. Results The latency in water maze test and olfaction discrimination memory tests of mice in ROEO group was lower than that of mice in the other groups (P<0.05), and the expressions of AchE and Glu in hippocampus CA1 of mice in ROEO group was significantly increased by immunohistochemistry. Conclusion ROEO could improve the learning and memory behavior of mice through olfactory pathway. The mechanisms are related to the changing of brain’s neurotransmitters.

安徽省自然科學基金資助項目（090413145）