目的 調(diào)研和評(píng)價(jià)天津市基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)基本藥物使用情況。方法 采用分層抽樣的方法，根據(jù)地理區(qū)域和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平等因素，選取天津市14家基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)，共調(diào)研得到14家醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)的總體經(jīng)營(yíng)數(shù)據(jù)、580種基層使用藥品的銷售數(shù)據(jù)和5 304張藥品處方數(shù)據(jù)，進(jìn)行了數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。結(jié)果 14家調(diào)查單位不同程度地配備和使用了基本藥物，但也存在目錄外藥品配備和使用比例較高等問(wèn)題。結(jié)論 要合理規(guī)劃，保證財(cái)政補(bǔ)貼及時(shí)到位，動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)整《國(guó)家基本藥物目錄》，加強(qiáng)用藥監(jiān)督和指導(dǎo)，促進(jìn)基本藥物制度持續(xù)良性地實(shí)施。

Objective To investigate and evaluate the essential drug usage in community-level medical and health institutions in Tianjin. Methods Fourteen community-level medical and health institutions were selected using the stratified sampling method. The business data of 14 community-level medical and health institutions, the sales data of 580 drugs, and the information of 5 304 drug prescriptions were collected for statistical analysis. Results Essential drugs were allocated and used in every community-level medical and health institution. But the problems such as high percentage of supplying and using medicines out of the essential drug list still exited. Conclusion For the sustainable development of national essential medicine system, related departments should provide the reasonable plan, ensure the fiscal subsidies in place in time, adjust the essential drug list dynamically, and strengthen the supervision and coaching.