目的 了解醫(yī)院腦外重癥監(jiān)護室（ICU）特殊使用級抗菌藥物的應(yīng)用情況。方法 采用醫(yī)院信息管理系統(tǒng)（HIS）匯集2012—2013年欽州市第一人民醫(yī)院腦外ICU使用的所有特殊使用級抗菌藥物的數(shù)據(jù)進行統(tǒng)計分析。結(jié)果 2012—2013年腦外ICU特殊使用級抗菌藥物中，送檢率均在85%以上，達到衛(wèi)生部的要求。其中，亞胺培南/西司他丁的使用金額、使用量、用藥頻度（DDDs）和藥物利用指數(shù)（DUI）均排在首位，DUI值大于1，日劑量偏大。同步性比值為1.0，同步性良好。大多數(shù)藥物DUI合理，用藥特點以治療肺部感染為主而非神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)，其中特殊級抗真菌藥的使用在患者營養(yǎng)狀況實驗室指標(biāo)上有相當(dāng)體現(xiàn)，特別是與血清白蛋白相關(guān)性較明顯。結(jié)論 腦外ICU特殊使用級抗菌藥物主要用于肺部感染，且用于院外帶進的感染居多，防治真菌感染應(yīng)及時糾正患者的基礎(chǔ)營養(yǎng)。

Objective To investigate the application of special usability level in neurosurgery intensive care unit (ICU) in hospital. Methods The data of all antibacterial drugs of special usability level applied in neurosurgery ICU in the First People’s Hospital of Qinzhou from 2012 to 2013 were statistically analyzed by hospital information system (HIS). Results The inspection rates of antimicrobial agents at special usability level in neurosurgery ICU before application reached more than 85% from 2012 to 2013, which was to suit the requirements of Ministry of Health. The amount, usage, DDDs, and DUI of imipenem/cilastatin were all ranked in the first place. The DUI value was larger than 1. The daily dosage was relatively large. The synchronism ratio was 1.0, and the synchronism was good. The utilization indexes of most drugs were reasonable. The administration of drugs was used to treat lung infection primarily instead of nervous system, in which the application of antifungal drugs at special usability level was much related to laboratory nutrition status indexes, especially the related relationship of serum albumin. Conclusion Antifungal drugs of special usability level in neurosurgery ICU are mainly applied to treatment of lung infection, and the infection brought out of hospital is in the majority. The basic nutrition of patients should be corrected timely to prevent and treat the fungal infection.