目的 觀察蒙脫石散聯(lián)合雙歧桿菌四聯(lián)活菌片對小兒秋季腹瀉的治療效果，并對相關(guān)因子進行檢測。方法 選取2011年12月-2013年12月陜西省延川縣醫(yī)院收治的秋季腹瀉患兒80例，隨機分為對照組（40例）和治療組（40例），對照組應(yīng)用雙歧桿菌四聯(lián)活菌片，<6個月的患兒1粒/次，2次/d；6個月～1歲幼兒2粒/次，2次/d；1～6歲幼兒3粒/次，2次/d。治療組在對照組基礎(chǔ)上應(yīng)用蒙脫石散，<1歲患兒，1包/d，分3次服用；1～2歲幼兒，0.5包/次，3次/d；≥3歲幼兒，0.5包/次，4次/d。在治療期間給予80例患兒相同的支持治療。觀察兩組患兒治療后總有效率、癥狀消失時間，同時檢測治療前后兩組IL-6和TNF-α的水平。結(jié)果 治療組和對照組的總有效率分別為100%、82.5%，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療組癥狀消失時間均明顯短于對照組，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療后，兩組患兒IL-6和TNF-α水平均低于治療前，同組治療前后差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）；治療后，治療組IL-6和TNF-α水平低于對照組，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 蒙脫石散聯(lián)合雙歧桿菌四聯(lián)活菌片對小兒秋季腹瀉有較好的臨床療效，可明顯縮短患兒治療時間，有效控制患兒的癥狀與體征，適宜臨床推廣。

Objective To explore the curative effect of Montmorillonite Powder combined with Bifidobacterium Tetravaccine Tablet in the treatment of infantile autumn diarrhea and to detect the related factors. Methods Patients (80 cases) with infantile autumn diarrhea for the treatment in the Hospital of Yanchuan County in Shaanxi Province from December 2011 to December 2013 were randomly divided into control (40 cases) and treatment (40 cases) groups. The patients in the control group accepted Bifidobacterium Tetravaccine Tablet, children less than 6 months with a grain/time, twice daily; 6 months to 1 year old children, 2 grains/time, twice daily; 1-6 years old preschool children 3 grains/time, twice daily. The patients in the treatment group accepted Montmorillonite Powder, children less than 1 year old, 1 bag/d, taking three times; 1-2 years old children, 0.5 package/time, three times daily; more than 3 years old children, 0.5 package/times, four times daily. Cases of children (80) were accepted the same support treatment. The total effective rate and time of symptoms improved were observed after the treatment, and the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were detected before and after the treatment in the two groups. Results The efficacy on the patients in the treatment and control groups was 100% and 82.5%, and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). The time of improved symptoms in the treatment group was significantly shorter than that in the control group, and there was the significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). After the treatment, the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the two groups were decreased and there was statistical significance before and after the treatment (P < 0.05); The levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the same time in the control group (P< 0.05). Conclusion Montmorillonite Powder combined with Bifidobacterium Tetravaccine Tablet has a good clinical efficacy in the treatment of infantile autumn diarrhea, and could obviously shorten the treatment time and effectively control the patient's symptoms and signs, which is worthy of clinical application.