目的 探究利福噴丁治療肺結核患者的臨床療效。方法 2009年3月—2013年2月就診于淄博市第一醫(yī)院的肺結核患者122例，隨機分為治療組（61例）和對照組（61例），所有患者均口服異煙肼片0.3 g/d，吡嗪酰胺片1.5 g/d，鹽酸乙胺丁醇片0.75 g/d。治療組在此基礎上口服利福噴丁膠囊，0.6 g/次，1次/周。對照組口服利福平膠囊，0.45 g/d。兩組患者均連續(xù)治療6個月。治療結束后，評價兩組患者的臨床療效，同時觀察痰涂片轉(zhuǎn)陰、空洞消失及病灶吸收情況和不良反應發(fā)生情況。結果 治療組和對照組的總有效率分別為96.72%、85.25%，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.05）。治療3、6個月治療組患者的痰涂片轉(zhuǎn)陰率、空洞消失率及病灶吸收率均明顯高于對照組，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.05）。治療3、6個月后治療組患者的胃腸道反應、白細胞降低例數(shù)、谷氨酸氨基轉(zhuǎn)移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸氨基轉(zhuǎn)移酶（AST）水平均明顯低于對照組，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.05）。結論 應用利福噴丁對肺結核患者進行治療可明顯增強臨床療效，且不良反應較小，建議臨床推廣應用。

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of rifapentine in treatment of tuberculosis. Methods Patients with tuberculosis in First Hospital of Zibo City from March, 2009 to February, 2013 were randomly divided into control (61 cases) and treatment (61 cases) groups. All patients were po administered with Isoniazid Tablets (0.3 g/d), Pyrazinamide Tablets (1.5 g/d), and Ethambutol Hydrochloride Tablets (0.75 g/d). Patients in the treatment group were po administered with Rifapentine Capsule on the basic treatment, 0.6 g/time, once a week. Patients in the control group were po administered with Rifampicin Capsules (0.45 g/d). All the patients were treated continuously for 6 months. After treatment, the total clinical efficacy was observed, and sputum smear overcast, empty disappear, lesions absorption, and adverse reactions were observe.Results The efficacies in the treatment and control groups were 96.72% and 85.25%, respectively, and there was difference between the two groups (P< 0.05). After treatment for 3 and 6 months, the rates of sputum smear overcast, empty disappearing, and lesions absorption were significantly higher than those of control group, and there were differences between the two groups (P< 0.05). After treatment for 3 and 6 months, the gastrointestinal tract reaction and number of white blood cells reduced, levels of ALT and AST were significantly lower than those in the control group, and there were differences between the two groups (P< 0.05). Conclusion Rifapentine can obviously enhance the clinical curative effect in therapy of tuberculosis with less adverse reaction, which is more suitable for application.

國家自然科學基金資助項目（81072785）