目的 探討B(tài)族維生素治療尿毒癥性神經(jīng)病變的臨床療效。方法 選取2011年12月—2013年12月在西安市西電集團(tuán)醫(yī)院治療的尿毒癥性神經(jīng)病變患者180例，隨機(jī)分為治療組和對(duì)照組，每組90例。對(duì)照組行維持性血液透析并聯(lián)合濾過治療，治療組患者在對(duì)照組基礎(chǔ)上給予B族維生素，包括皮下注射維生素B₁₂注射液500 μg/次，肌肉注射維生素B1注射液100 mg/次，2次/周。兩組均持續(xù)治療3個(gè)月。比較兩組患者治療后神經(jīng)病變的改善情況。結(jié)果 治療后，兩組患者周圍神經(jīng)癥狀均得到改善，治療組自發(fā)性疼痛、麻木、感覺消退和不安腿綜合征的改善率均高于對(duì)照組，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療后，兩組患者自主神經(jīng)癥狀均得到改善，治療組腹瀉、低血壓、排汗異常、睡眠障礙的改善率均高于對(duì)照組，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療后，兩組患者脛神經(jīng)、正中神經(jīng)、腓總神經(jīng)的感覺神經(jīng)傳導(dǎo)速度均有顯著提高，同組治療前后差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05），且治療后治療組的改善程度優(yōu)于對(duì)照組，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 B族維生素治療尿毒癥性神經(jīng)病變有較好的臨床療效，能夠改善患者周圍神經(jīng)和自主神經(jīng)癥狀，提高感覺神經(jīng)傳導(dǎo)速度，提高患者生存質(zhì)量，值得臨床推廣應(yīng)用。

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of vitamins B in the treatment of uremic neuropathy. Methods Patients with uremic neuropathy (180 cases) of Xi’an XD Group Hospital from December 2011 to December 2013 were randomly divided into treatment and control groups (n = 90). The patients in the control group were accepted maintenance hemodialysis and filtration treatment. The patients in the treatment group were given vitamins B, including sc administered with B₁₂ Injection (0.5 mg/time), and im administered with B1 Injection (100 mg/time), twice one week. The patients in the two groups were treated continuously for 3 months. Situation of neuropathy improvement were compared between two groups after treatment.Results After treatment, peripheral nerve symptoms were improved in both groups, and the improvement rates of spontaneous pain, numbness, fade and restless legs syndrome in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group, with the significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, autonomic nerve symptoms were improved in two groups, and improvement rates of diarrhea, low blood pressure, abnormal sweating, and sleep disorders in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group, with the significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, sensory nerve conduction velocity of tibial nerve, median nerve, and phil total nerve were increased significantly in two groups, and the differences were statistically significant in the same group before and after the treatment (P < 0.05). After treatment, situation improvement in treatment group was better than that in the control group, with the significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion Vitamins B has good curative effect in the treatment of uremic neuropathy, can improve peripheral nerve and autonomic nerve symptoms, while can improve the sensory nerve conduction velocity and the survival quality, which is worthy of clinical popularization and application.