目的 分析包頭醫(yī)學(xué)院第三附屬醫(yī)院木糖氧化產(chǎn)堿桿菌的分布與耐藥性。方法 對2011—2013年包頭醫(yī)學(xué)院第三附屬醫(yī)院木糖氧化產(chǎn)堿桿菌的分布及其耐藥情況進(jìn)行回顧性統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。結(jié)果 木糖氧化產(chǎn)堿桿菌主要來自痰液標(biāo)本，占90.0%，其余來自于傷口分泌物和腹腔膿液，占10.0%。感染區(qū)分布主要以重癥監(jiān)護(hù)病房和呼吸科為主，分別占47.5%、25.0%，腦外科及其他科室分別占17.5%、10.0%。菌株耐藥率3年呈現(xiàn)逐年增高趨勢，菌株中對阿莫西林/克拉維酸及氨曲南耐藥率最高，分別為100%、90.0%；對氨基糖苷類抗菌藥耐藥率為77.5%～80.0%；對頭孢曲松、頭孢噻肟及頭孢吡肟耐藥率分別為57.5%、82.5%、75.0%。菌株對頭孢哌酮/舒巴坦、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、頭孢他啶、頭孢哌酮和亞胺培南耐藥率較低，分別為2.5%、12.5%、12.5%、5.0%、30.0%。結(jié)論 木糖氧化產(chǎn)堿桿菌感染以呼吸系統(tǒng)為主，其耐藥性已經(jīng)日益嚴(yán)重，臨床上應(yīng)根據(jù)其藥敏結(jié)果選擇抗菌藥物，從而減少院內(nèi)感染和耐藥菌株的產(chǎn)生。

Objective To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of Alcaligenes xylosoxidans in Third Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College. Methods The distribution and drug resistance of A. xylosoxidans in Third Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College from 2011 to 2013 were reviewed, retrospectively.Results The specimens were mainly obtained from the sputum, accounting for 90.0%. The minority were from wounds secretions and enterocoelia fester, accounting for 10.0%. The infections distributed widely in ICU and respiratory department, accounting for 47.5% and 25.0%, followed by cerebral surgery department (17.5%) and other departments (10.0%). The drug resistance rates of Alcaligenes xylosoxidans had increased in three years. The drug resistance rates of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (100.0%) and aztreonam (90.0%) were higher than others. The drug resistance rates of aminoglycosides varied from 77.5% to 80.0%. Those of ceftriaxone, cefotaxime and cefepime were 57.5%, 82.5%, and 75.0%, respectively. The drug resistance rates of cefoperazone/sulbactam, piperacillin/tazobactam, ceftazidime, cefoperazone and imipenem were 2.5%, 12.5%, 12.5%, 5.0%, and 30%, respectively. Conclusion Alcaligenes xylosoxidans infection mainly occurs in respiratory system and its drug resistance is more and more serious. According to the results of drug resistance, the antibiotics are selected to reduce the occurrence of nosocomial infection and drug resistance strains.