目的 了解重慶市榮昌區(qū)中醫(yī)院臨床常見病原菌的分布及耐藥情況,為臨床合理用藥提供參考。方法 收集重慶市榮昌區(qū)中醫(yī)院2013年9月-2015年9月檢驗科分離的病原菌及藥敏試驗結(jié)果進行統(tǒng)計分析。結(jié)果 共分離出病原菌600株,其中革蘭陰性菌428株,占71.33%;革蘭陽性菌172株,占28.67%。標本主要來自痰液,構(gòu)成比為75.08%。革蘭陽性菌中,葡萄球菌檢出率高且耐藥較嚴重,金黃色葡萄球菌敏感的藥物有萬古霉素、多西環(huán)素、阿米卡星和呋喃妥因。未發(fā)現(xiàn)耐萬古霉素的葡萄球菌。革蘭陰性菌中肺炎克雷伯菌對氨芐西林耐藥率為100.0%,對其他均敏感;大腸埃希菌對頭孢哌酮/舒巴坦鈉、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、亞胺培南較敏感。銅綠假單胞菌、洋蔥伯克霍爾德菌和嗜麥芽寡養(yǎng)單胞菌呈現(xiàn)出多重耐藥性,對常見抗菌藥物均有不同程度的耐藥;鮑曼不動桿菌對頭孢哌酮/舒巴坦鈉、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、美羅培南、復方新諾明、米諾環(huán)素敏感。結(jié)論 重慶市榮昌區(qū)中醫(yī)院常見病原菌耐藥嚴重,臨床應重視病原菌檢查,同時加強監(jiān)管,以降低細菌耐藥性。

Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of common pathogens in Chongqing Rongchang District Hospital of TCM from 2013 to 2015, to provide reference for clinical rational drug use.Methods Retrospective investigation was used to analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens in Chongqing Rongchang District Hospital of TCM from September 2013 to September 2015.Results Total 600 strains of pathogens were isolated, in which Gram-negative bacteria were 428 strains (71.33%). Gram-positive bacteria (172 strains) accounted for 28.67%. The pathogenic bacteria (75.08%) was isolated mainly from sputum samples. In Gram-positive bacteria, staphylococcus had high detection rates and serious resistance. Staphylococcus aureus was sensitive to vancomycin, doxycycline, amikacin, and nitrofurantoin. There was no staphylococcus resistant to vancomycin. In Gram-positive bacteria, the drug resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae against ampicillin was 100.00%, and was sensitive to other antibiotics. Escherichia coliwas sensitive to cefoperazone/sulbactam sodium, piperacillin/tazobactam, and imipenem. Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Burkholderia cepacia, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia presented multi-drug resistance, and were resistant inordinately to common antibiotics. Acinetobacter baumannii was sensitive to cefoperazone/sulbactam sodium, piperacillin/ tazobactam, meropenem, cotrimoxazole, and minocycline.Conclusion Drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria is serious in Chongqing Rongchang District Hospital of TCM. It is necessary to pay great attention to the test of pathogen. At the same time, it is important to take effective control measures to reduce the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria.