目的 探討喜炎平注射液聯(lián)合頭孢曲松鈉治療小兒支氣管肺炎的臨床療效。方法 選取天津市人民醫(yī)院2014年4月—2015年4月收治的小兒支氣管肺炎312例，隨機(jī)分為對照組和治療組，每組各156例。對照組患兒靜脈滴注注射用頭孢曲松鈉，50~80 mg/(kg·d)。治療組患兒在對照組的基礎(chǔ)上靜脈滴注喜炎平注射液，5~10 mg/(kg·d)加入5%葡萄糖注射液。兩組患兒均連續(xù)治療10 d。觀察兩組患兒治療前后臨床療效、退熱時(shí)間、咳嗽消失時(shí)間、肺啰音消失時(shí)間、住院時(shí)間，以及白介素-1β（IL-1β）、IL-6、IL-8和腫瘤壞死因子-α（TNF-α）等炎性介質(zhì)的水平變化。結(jié)果 治療后，對照組和治療組的總有效率分別為79.49%、98.72%，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P < 0.05）。治療后，治療組的退熱時(shí)間、咳嗽消失時(shí)間、肺啰音消失時(shí)間和住院時(shí)間明顯短于對照組，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P < 0.05）。治療后，兩組患者IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8和TNF-α水平均明顯降低，同組比較差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P < 0.05）；且治療組患者上述炎性介質(zhì)水平顯著低于對照組，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P < 0.05）。治療后，對照組的不良反應(yīng)率為10.3%，顯著高于治療組的3.8%，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P < 0.05）。結(jié)論 喜炎平注射液聯(lián)合頭孢曲松鈉治療小兒支氣管肺炎可以較快緩解患兒臨床癥狀，改善炎性介質(zhì)水平，且安全性較好。

Objective To study the effect of Xiyanping Injection combined with ceftriaxone sodium in treatment of children with bronchopneumonia. Methods Children (312 cases) with bronchopneumonia in Tianjin People's Hospital from April 2014 to April 2015 were randomly divided into control and treatment groups, each group had 156 cases. Children in the control group were iv administered with Ceftriaxone Sodiun for injection, 50 — 80 mg/(kg·d). Children in the treatment group were iv administered with Xiyanping Injection on the basis of the control group, 5 — 10 mg/(kg·d) added into 5% glucose injection. Children in two groups were treated for 10 d. After treatment, the clinical efficacy, antifebrile time, cough disappeared time, lung rale disappeared time, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α levels in two groups before and after treatment were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacies in the control and treatment groups were 79.49% and 98.72% respectively, and there was difference between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, the antifebrile time, cough disappeared time, lung rale disappeared time in treatment group were significantly shorter than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, the IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α levels in two groups significantly decreased, and there was difference in the same groups (P < 0.05). And these inflammatory mediators levels in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, the adverse reactions rate in the control group was 10.3%, which was significantly higher than 3.8% in the treatment group, with significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion Xiyanping Injection combined with ceftriaxone sodium can quickly relieve the clinical symptoms and improve inflammatory mediators in treatment of children with bronchopneumonia with high safety.