目的 了解解放軍總醫(yī)院海南分院Ⅰ類切口圍手術期抗菌藥物預防使用情況，為規(guī)范圍手術期抗菌藥物預防使用和管理提供參考。方法 收集解放軍總醫(yī)院海南分院2016年Ⅰ類切口圍手術期抗菌藥物預防使用的相關數據，對用藥具體情況進行分析，并對用藥合理性進行點評。結果 Ⅰ類切口圍手術期抗菌藥物預防使用率為42.69%；其中男性高于女性，18歲以下人群使用率最高，為77.08%；腦外科手術使用率最高，達94.28%；預防用藥病例數以第3代頭孢菌素為主，占81.32%，以注射用頭孢他啶使用人數最多，占70.23%；給藥時機大于術前1 h的人數比例為61.87%；24 h內停藥的患者比例為63.81%；適應癥、用藥品種選擇、給藥時機、用法用量、給藥療程及聯合用藥的合理率分別為73.74%、16.34%、8.56%、73.74%、63.81%和99.61%。結論 解放軍總醫(yī)院海南分院Ⅰ類切口圍手術期抗菌藥物預防使用存在使用率偏高、合理率偏低的不合理問題，尤其是品種選擇及給藥時機的合理性較低，應進一步規(guī)范用藥和加強管理。

Objective To investigate the prevention use of antimicrobial agents in the perioperative period of type I incision operation in Hainan Branch of PLA General Hospital, in order to provide reference for regulating the use and management of antimicrobial agents. Methods The data of prophylactic use of antibiotics in perioperative period of type I incision in Hainan Branch of PLA General Hospital in 2016 was collected, and the situation of medication was analyzed, and the rationality of medication was discussed. Results The rate of prophylactic use of antibiotics in type I incision operation in perioperative period was 42.69%. The rate of males was higher than females. And the rate of the population under 18 was highest (77.08%). The rate of antibiotics in surgical operation was highest, up to 94.28%. The most case number of preventive drugs was the third generation cephalosporin, accounting for 81.32%, and the highest use number of antibiotics was Ceftazidime for injection, accounting for 70.23%. The proportion of administration time higher than1 h was 61.87%. The proportion of patients with drug withdrawal within 24 h was 63.81%. The rational rate of indications, variety choice, time of administration, dosage, administration course and drug combination were 73.74%, 16.34%, 8.56%, 73.74%, 63.81%, and 99.61%, respectively. Conclusion The prevention use of antimicrobial prophylaxis in type I incision operation in Hainan Branch of PLA General Hospital is unreasonable with high utilization rate and low rationality. The preventive medication should be standardized and the management should be strengthened.