神經(jīng)病變是化療藥物常見的副作用，其對癌癥患者的生活質(zhì)量產(chǎn)生很大影響。臨床上，化療誘導(dǎo)的外周神經(jīng)病變表現(xiàn)為感覺、運動和自主功能的缺陷，常發(fā)生在長軸突，如手套和襪子覆蓋的部位最明顯。這種神經(jīng)病變的病理機制是多因素的，包括氧化應(yīng)激和凋亡、軸突變性、神經(jīng)興奮性增加和免疫激活與炎癥反應(yīng)。主要介紹了幾種常見的化療藥物如鉑類、紫衫類和長春堿等，干擾細(xì)胞周期導(dǎo)致細(xì)胞死亡和腫瘤蛻化，同時也導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的急性和慢性的外周神經(jīng)病變。

Neuropathy is a common side effects of chemotherapy drugs, and it produce a great impact on the quality of life of cancer patients. Clinically, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy presents as deficits in sensory, motor, and autonomic function which develop in a glove and stocking distribution due to preferential effects on longer axons. The pathophysiological processes are multi-factorial and involve oxidative stress and apoptosis, axonal degeneration, increase of nerve excitability, immune activation, and inflammatory reaction. In this papaer, several common chemotherapy drugs, such as taxanes, platinum, and vinca alkaloids are mainly introduced. They cause cell death and tumor disintegration by interfering with the cell cycle, but also lead to severe acute and chronic peripheral neuropathy.

國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目（81601153）；江蘇省自然科學(xué)基金資助項目（BK20150104）；南京市醫(yī)學(xué)科技發(fā)展基金項目（YKK16083）；南京市科技發(fā)展計劃項目（201503020）