目的 對駐馬店市中心醫(yī)院Ⅰ類切口預防用抗菌藥物的使用情況進行統(tǒng)計分析，為臨床合理應用抗菌藥物提供參考。方法 隨機抽取2016年（干預前）和2017年（干預后）駐馬店市中心醫(yī)院的Ⅰ類切口手術病例，比較干預前后Ⅰ類切口手術預防用抗菌藥物的使用率、給藥時機和品種選擇合理率、原則上不預防用抗菌藥物的手術類型及病例數(shù)、抗菌藥物不合理應用病例數(shù)量等。結果 干預前后Ⅰ類切口手術預防用抗菌藥物的使用率分別為27.03%、19.05%，給藥時機、品種選擇、預防用藥療程合理率分別由85.73%、78.60%、76.62%提高至95.04%、94.49%、84.56%；預防用藥平均天數(shù)由4.95 d降至3.11 d；原則上不使用抗菌藥物預防手術的抗菌藥物使用率由6.41%降至2.38%。干預前后Ⅰ類切口手術預防用抗菌藥物均以第1、2代頭孢類抗菌藥物為主，干預后使用率明顯提高。干預后給藥時機、品種選擇、療程不合理率較干預前顯著降低（P<0.05），用法用量不合理、不當聯(lián)合預防用藥等不合理用藥比例降幅明顯。結論 通過綜合干預，Ⅰ類切口手術預防用抗菌藥物的使用日趨規(guī)范，干預效果明顯。

Objective To understand the prophylactic application of antibiotics in type I incision in Zhumadian Central Hospital, and to provide reference for clinical rational use of antibiotics. Methods Patients with type I incision in Zhumadian Central Hospital from 2016 (before intervention) and 2017 (after intervention) were respectively selected, and usage rate, reasonable utilization rate of administration time and drug choice, surgery type not prevent the use of antibacterials in principle, and cases of unreasonable use were compared before and after intervention. Results The utilization ratio of prophylactic application of antibiotics before and after intervention were 27.03% and 19.05%, respectively. The reasonable rate of administration time, drug choice, and prophylactic treatment course increased from 85.73%, 78.60%, and 76.62% to 95.04%, 94.49%, and 84.56%, respectively. The average days of prophylactic use of drugs decreased from 4.95 d to 3.11 d. The antimicrobial medicine usage ratio of surgeries types which will not use the antimicrobial medicines in principle has been down apparently from 6.41% to 2.38%. The first and second generation cephalosporins were mainly used in type I incision before and after intervention, and the use rate was significantly increased. The unreasonable use rate of administration time, drug choice, and course of treatment were significantly decreased, and there was difference before and after the intervention (P<0.05). Conclusion By comprehensive intervention, the prophylactic application of antibiotics in type I incision is rational gradually, proving that the comprehensive intervention is obviously effective.