目的 分析2016-2018年南京市兒童醫(yī)院小兒Ⅰ類切口手術(shù)圍手術(shù)期抗生素的使用情況，為規(guī)范臨床合理使用提供參考。方法 回顧性分析2016-2018年南京市兒童醫(yī)院小兒Ⅰ類切口手術(shù)病例，對比分析Ⅰ類手術(shù)抗生素的適應(yīng)癥、品種選擇、首劑時機(jī)、應(yīng)用時間和應(yīng)用合理率。結(jié)果 2016-2018年抗生素的使用率分別為28.07%、28.19%、28.49%，抗生素使用率總體平穩(wěn)?？股剡x用種類均為7種，主要為頭孢唑林和頭孢呋辛，構(gòu)成比分別為35.69%、31.43%。2016-2018年Ⅰ類切口手術(shù)患者使用抗生素在術(shù)前30 min~2 h分別為525例（94.94%）、675例（95.88%）、636例（95.64%）。用藥時間主要為<48 h，≤ 24 h的例數(shù)為827例，構(gòu)成比為43.03%，24~48 h的的例數(shù)為1 051例，構(gòu)成比為54.68%。2016-2018年抗生素應(yīng)用合理率依次為98.19%、98.01%、98.35%。結(jié)論 2016-2018年南京市兒童醫(yī)院小兒Ⅰ類切口手術(shù)圍手術(shù)期抗生素使用種類無顯著差異，在抗生素選擇、應(yīng)用時間、首劑時機(jī)等方面執(zhí)行較好。

Objective To analyze the application of antibacterial drugs in perioperative period of children's type I incision operation in Nanjing Children's Hospital from 2016 to 2018, and provide a reference for clinical rational drug use. Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the cases of children's type I incision operation Nanjing Children's Hospital from 2016 to 2018, the indicators, variety choice, first dose of timing, application time, and reasonable use rate were compared and analyzed. Results From 2016 to 2018, the utilization rates of antibiotics were 28.07%, 28.19%, and 28.49%, respectively. The overall utilization rate of antibiotics was stable. There were 7 kinds of antibiotics, mainly cefazolin and cefuroxime, with the constituent ratio of 35.69% and 31.43%. From 2016 to 2018, there were 525 cases (94.94%), 675 cases (95.88%), and 636 cases (95.64%) 30 min-2 h before children's type I incision operation. The application time was mainly less than 48 h with 827 cases (43.03%) ≤ 24 h and 1 051 cases (43.03%) 24-48 h. From 2016 to 2018, the rational rates of antibiotic use were 98.19%, 98.01%, and 98.35%, respectively. Conclusion There was no significant difference in the types of antibiotics in perioperative period of children's type I incision operation in Nanjing Children's Hospital from 2016 to 2018. The selection of antibiotics, the duration of application, and the timing of the first dose of antibiotics were performed well.

R978.1