目的 了解南陽(yáng)市中心醫(yī)院抗菌藥物致嚴(yán)重藥品不良反應(yīng)（ADR）發(fā)生的特點(diǎn)和規(guī)律，為臨床安全合理使用抗菌藥物提供參考依據(jù)。方法 收集南陽(yáng)市中心醫(yī)院2016年1月—2021年6月上報(bào)國(guó)家ADR監(jiān)測(cè)中心的抗菌藥物致嚴(yán)重藥品不良反應(yīng)185例，對(duì)患者年齡及性別、給藥途徑、抗菌藥物種類分布、ADR發(fā)生時(shí)間、累及系統(tǒng)/器官及臨床表現(xiàn)等進(jìn)行回顧性分析。結(jié)果 185例由抗菌藥物所致嚴(yán)重ADR中，<18歲患者比例最高（39.46%）；靜脈給藥占比最多（90.46%）；頭孢菌素類藥物引起嚴(yán)重ADR最多（27.57%）；皮膚及其附件損害最常見（40.16%）。結(jié)論 應(yīng)加強(qiáng)抗菌藥物嚴(yán)重ADR的監(jiān)測(cè)，優(yōu)化抗菌藥物供應(yīng)目錄，規(guī)范抗菌藥物使用，保障臨床用藥安全、合理、有效。

Objective To investigate the characteristics and patterns of serious adverse drug reactions (ADR) of antibacterials in Nanyang Central Hospital, and provide data references for clinical safety and reasonable use of antibacterials. Methods A total of 185 cases of serious ADRs caused by antibacterials, which were reported to the national ADR surveillance from January 2016 to June 2021 in Nanyang Central Hospital were collected for retrospective analysis based on patients' age, sex, route of administration, categories of antibacterials, occurrence time, system/organ involvement, clinical manifestations and ADR distribution. Results Serious ADR mainly occurred in patients aged 0-17 years old, which had the highest rate as 39.46%. 90.46% of serious ADR was occurred with the administration route of intravenous infusion. Most serious ADR (27.57%) was caused by cephalosporins. Skin and its appendants were the most common, accounting for 40.16%. Conclusion Medical institution should enhance serious ADR monitoring, optimize the supply catalogue and standardize the use of antibacterials in order to promote drug safety, rational and effective use of antibacterials.

R978.1

中國(guó)藥學(xué)會(huì)科技開發(fā)中心項(xiàng)目（CMEI2021KPYJ00113）