目的 探討黃龍止咳顆粒聯(lián)合孟魯司特鈉治療小兒急性支氣管炎的臨床療效。方法 選取2021年8月—2022年8月在南京醫(yī)科大學第四附屬醫(yī)院治療的急性支氣管炎患兒126例，隨機分為對照組和治療組，每組各63例。對照組患兒口服孟魯司特鈉咀嚼片，2～5歲患兒4 mg/次，6～13歲患兒5 mg/次，1次/d。治療組患兒在對照組的基礎上口服黃龍止咳顆粒，2～3歲患兒3 g/次，4～7歲患兒6 g/次，8～13歲患兒10 g/次，3次/d。兩組患兒均連續(xù)治療7 d。觀察兩組患兒臨床療效，比較治療前后兩組患兒臨床癥狀消失時間，血清C反應蛋白（CRP）、白細胞介素-1β（IL-1β）和降鈣素原（PCT）水平，及免疫功能。結果 治療后，治療組的總有效率為95.24%，明顯高于對照組的84.13%（P＜0.05）。治療后，治療組咳痰、咳嗽、肺部濕啰音消失時間明顯短于對照組（P＜0.05）。治療后，兩組血清CRP、IL-1β、PCT水平降低，而免疫球蛋白A（IgA）、IgG水平明顯升高（P＜0.05），且治療組血清炎性因子水平和免疫功能明顯好于對照組（P＜0.05）。結論 黃龍止咳顆粒聯(lián)合孟魯司特鈉治療小兒急性支氣管炎具有較好的臨床療效，且可有效降低血清炎癥因子水平，提升患兒的免疫功能。

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Huanglong Zhike Granules combined with montelukast sodium in treatment of children with acute bronchitis. Methods Children (126 cases) with acute bronchitis in the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from August 2021 to August 2022 were randomly divided into control and treatment group, and each group had 63 cases. Children in the control group were po administered with Montelukast Sodium Chewable Tablets, 4 mg/time for 2-5 years old Children, 5 mg/time for 6-13 years old Children, once daily. Children in the treatment group were po administered with Huanglong Zhike Granules on the basis of the control group, 3 g/time for 2-3 years old Children, 6 g/time for 4-7 years old Children, 10 g/time for 8-13 years old Children, 3 times daily. Children in two groups were treated for 7 d. After treatment, the clinical evaluation was evaluated, and the disappearance time of clinical symptom, serum inflammatory factors CRP, IL-1β, and PCT levels, and immune function in two groups before and after treatment were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical effective rate of the treatment group was 95.24%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (84.13%, P < 0.05). After treatment, the disappearance time of clinical symptoms in the treatment group was significantly earlier than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of serum CRP, IL-1β, and PCT in two groups were decreased, while the levels of IgA and IgG were significantly increased (P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of serum inflammatory factors and immune function in the treatment group were significantly better than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Huanglong Zhike Granule combined with montelukast sodium in treatment of children with acute bronchitis has good clinical efficacy, and can effectively reduce the level of serum inflammatory factors, improve the immune function of children.

R974

江蘇省科學技術廳項目（BK20200205）