蒼耳子為歷代中醫(yī)臨床治療鼻淵要藥，有小毒，屬傳統(tǒng)記載的有毒中藥。現(xiàn)代藥理研究蒼耳子具有抗菌、抗病毒、抗炎、鎮(zhèn)痛、降血糖、抗過敏等作用。現(xiàn)代臨床醫(yī)學(xué)中蒼耳子為鼻科常用藥，尤其多用于治療慢性鼻炎、慢性鼻竇炎。但臨床中常因長期、過量、反復(fù)使用蒼耳子以及其炮制不當(dāng)或者未經(jīng)炮制使用而發(fā)生中毒。毒理學(xué)研究提示其對多臟器均有損傷，主要對肝臟和腎臟的損害較為嚴(yán)重。查閱大量中外文獻(xiàn)，綜述蒼耳子功效及毒性、化學(xué)成分和毒理方面的研究進(jìn)展，并對其“效－毒”相關(guān)性問題進(jìn)行探討。

Xanthii Fructus is commonly used by clinical medicine in rhinology throughout the ages. It belongs to the documented toxic traditional Chinese medicine. According to the modern pharmacological studies, Xanthii Fructus has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, hypoglycemic, and anti-allergy effects. It is commonly used in rhinology, especially used in the treatment of chronic rhinitis and sinusitis. However, the clinical long-term, excessive, repeated, and without preparation or in inappropriate preparation use of Xanthii Fructus may cause poisoning. Toxicological studies suggest that Xanthii Fructus can lead to multi-organ damage, severely in the liver and kidney. Referring to a large number of domestic and foreign literatures, the progress of efficacy, toxicity, chemical composition, and toxicology of Xanthii Fructus has been reviwed. The correlation between efficacy and toxicity of Xanthii Fructus has been discussed as well

國家重點基礎(chǔ)研究發(fā)展計劃（973計劃）（2009CB522801）