目的 探討不同品系栝樓果皮抗心肌梗死的藥效差異，為栝樓優(yōu)良品種選育提供參考。方法 選擇道地產(chǎn)區(qū)3個(gè)主要品系的栝樓果皮作為研究材料。60只大鼠隨機(jī)分成對照組、丹參片（陽性藥對照）組以及1、2、3號栝蔞皮組。結(jié)扎大鼠冠狀動(dòng)脈，制備冠心病急性心肌梗死模型；對照組實(shí)行假手術(shù)。栝蔞皮制成水煎劑ig給藥，丹參片為陽性對照藥。氯化三苯四氮唑染色，測定心肌梗死率；生理記錄儀記錄心電圖變化，檢測心臟功能；生化試劑盒檢測血漿中肌酸激酶（CK）、肌酸激酶同工酶（CKMB）、谷草轉(zhuǎn)氨酶（AST）、α-羥基丁酸脫氫酶（LDH）和乳酸脫氫酶（AST）活性，確定心肌細(xì)胞壞死程度；測定心肌組織丙二醛（MDA）含量及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性，明確大鼠體內(nèi)清除氧自由基的能力。結(jié)果 與模型組相比，3個(gè)栝蔞皮組心電圖△ST值、心肌梗死面積、血漿5種心肌酶活性、心肌組織MDA含量均顯著降低（P＜0.05或0.01），與丹參片組比較差異無顯著性；而心肌組織中SOD活性明顯升高（P＜0.05）；其中上述9種指標(biāo)以2號栝蔞組與模型組差異最為顯著。結(jié)論 3個(gè)品系栝蔞皮均有顯著降低急性心肌缺血模型大鼠心肌梗死率、維護(hù)心臟功能、防止心肌細(xì)胞壞死、增強(qiáng)其清除氧自由基的能力。其中2號品系栝蔞皮效果最顯著。不同品系栝蔞皮干預(yù)急性心肌梗死效果有差異，2號品系栝蔞皮保護(hù)效果優(yōu)于其他品系。

Objective To investigate the pharmacodynamic differences of anti-miocardial infaration among different species of Trichosanthes pericarpium, which could provide the reference for breeding the fine varieties of T. pericarpium. Methods Pericarps of three species of T. pericarpium from geo-authentic areas were selected as objects. Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control, model, Danshen Pian group (positive control group), trichosanthes 1, trichosanthes 2, and trichosanthes 3 groups. Acute miocardial ischemia model was made through the ligation of coronary artery. The control group was Sham operated. The pericarp of T. pericarpium was prepared as decoction and ig administered and Danshen Pian is the positive control group. To measure the infarction area, myocardial tissue was stained with triphenylte trazoliam chloride (TTC). The degree of myocardial infarction was evaluated by electrocardiograph (ECG). To evaluate the myocardial injury, the serum levels of creatine-kinase (CK), creatine-kinase-MB (CKMB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and aspartate-amino transferase (AST) were detected. Moreover, the in vivo activity of scavenging oxygen free radical was detected through detecting the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in myocardial tissue. Results Compared with those in the model group, the △ST value, the myocardial infarction rate, and the serum activity of CK, CK-MB, LDH, AST, and α-HBDH of rats in three trichosanthes groups were obviously lowered (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). There was no significant difference compared with Danshen Pian group. The activity of SOD in the myocardia increased observably (P < 0.05). Among these nine indexes, the most observable changes could be detected in the trichosanthe 2 group of rats. Conclusion All the three species of T. pericarpium could significantly reduce the myocardial infarction rate of acute myocardial ischemia model rats, maintain the function of heart, prevent myocardial necrosis, and increase the scavenging activity of free radical. The protective effect of the three varieties of T. pericarpium on the acute myocardial ischemia of rats is significant, but the effect of the trichosanthe 2 variety is the most obvious.

濟(jì)南市科技發(fā)展計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目資助（200906028）；上海市科學(xué)技術(shù)委員會(huì)項(xiàng)目資助（11HX1171400）