目的 研究樺褐孔菌Inonotus obliquus水提物的毒理學(xué)性質(zhì)，探究其是否具有相關(guān)生理和生殖毒性。方法 急性毒性試驗(yàn)，ICR小鼠，一次ig給予樺褐孔菌水提物1.00、2.00、3.00、4.00、5.00 g/kg，連續(xù)觀察14 d。30 d喂養(yǎng)試驗(yàn)，Wistar大鼠，每次ig給予樺褐孔菌水提物1.50、2.00、2.50 g/kg，連續(xù)給藥30 d。小鼠精子畸形試驗(yàn)，ICR雄性小鼠，每次ig給予樺褐孔菌水提物1.00、2.50、5.00 g/kg，連續(xù)給藥5 d，給藥后第35天頸椎脫臼法處死實(shí)驗(yàn)小鼠，取雙側(cè)附睪制片，染色，統(tǒng)計(jì)精子畸形率。結(jié)果 急性毒性試驗(yàn)，實(shí)驗(yàn)組小鼠給藥30 min后，靜伏少動(dòng)，背毛豎立，出現(xiàn)腹瀉癥狀，無動(dòng)物死亡，實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物24 h后恢復(fù)正常。30 d喂養(yǎng)試驗(yàn)，受試動(dòng)物體質(zhì)量和食物利用率與對(duì)照組相比差異不顯著。臟器系數(shù)、血常規(guī)和血液生化相關(guān)指標(biāo)也在正常范圍內(nèi)波動(dòng)。病理學(xué)檢查未發(fā)現(xiàn)組織器官的明顯病變。小鼠精子畸形試驗(yàn)，所有實(shí)驗(yàn)組的精子畸形率均顯著低于環(huán)磷酰胺處理的陽性對(duì)照組，樺褐孔菌水提物5.00 g/kg組小鼠精子畸形率較對(duì)照組有上升趨勢(shì)。結(jié)論 樺褐孔菌水提物未表現(xiàn)出明顯的生理毒性，但在高劑量時(shí)可能具有一定的生殖毒性。

Objective To investigate the toxicity of Inonotus obliquus water extracts, and to further understand whether it they have the relative physiological and reproductive toxicity or not. Methods In the acute toxicity test (ATT), ICR mice were given I. obliquus water extracts at different concentration (1.00, 2.00, 3.00, 4.00, and 5.00 g/kg) by a single ig injection for 14 d, respectively. In the thirty-day feeding test (TDFT), Wistar rats were given I. obliquus water extracts at different concentration (1.50, 2.00, and 2.50 g/kg) by a daily ig injection for 30 d, respectively. In the mouse sperm abnormality test (MSAT), male ICR mice were were given I. obliquus water extracts at different concentration (1.00, 2.50, and 5.00 g/kg) by a daily ig injection for 5 d. Mice were killed on day 35 by cervical dislocation after I. obliquus water extracts injection. Bilateral epididymidis of mice were removed and sheets were produced to calculate the rate of sperm deformity by staining. Results ATT: Mice showed symptoms of decreased activities, erected hair and diarrhea after the administration for 30 min in I. obliquus water extract groups. No mice died during the whole experimental period. And the mice could recover from the toxic condition within 24 h. TDFT: There was no significant difference observed in the weight and food utilization between I. obliquus water extract groups and the control group. The organ index and blood biochemistry analysis were also within the normal range. There was no abnormal phenomenon observed in the histopathological analysis. MSAT: The rate of sperm deformity of the I. obliquus water extract groups was significantly decreased compared with that of the positive control group. The rate of sperm deformity was increased in 5.00 g/kg I. obliquus water extract group compared with that in the control group.Conclusion I. obliquus water extracts have no significant physiological toxicity, but may have a reproductive toxicity at high concentration.

國家自然科學(xué)基金青年科學(xué)基金（31200890）；國家級(jí)大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃（201310337004）