齊墩果酸和熊果酸對三酰甘油和膽固醇的吸收、合成和代謝都有調控作用,有望成為抗代謝綜合征新藥.通過擬胰島素樣作用和促進過氧化物酶體增殖物激活受體(PPAR)-α表達以及調控脂肪細胞PPAR-γ表達和分化,調控脂質合成、代謝和轉運的各種關鍵酶基因的表達,從而對抗脂肪細胞激素的炎癥反應和白色脂肪形成,促進棕色脂肪和骨骼肌生長、增加機體能量消耗;又都是選擇性G蛋白偶聯(lián)膽汁酸受體TGR5激動劑,能穩(wěn)定脂質、葡萄糖和能量的體內平衡.

Oleanolic acid and ursolic acid have regulative actions on the absorption, synthesis, and metabolism of triglyceride and cholesterol. They are hopeful to become new drugs against metabolism syndrome. Oleanolic acid and ursolic acid could regulate the expression of key enzymes genes about synthesis, metabolism, and transport of lipids by imitating insulin-like effects, improving PPAR-α expression, and regulating the differentiation and PPAR-γ expression in adipocytes. Thus oleanolic acid and ursolic acid can inhibit adipokine inflammation and white adipogenesis, increase skeletal muscle and brown fat mass, and improve body energy consumption. Oleanolic acid and ursolic acid are the selective agonists of TGR5, a G protein-coupled bile acid receptor, and may improve the homeostasis of glucose, lipids, and energy.