地黃Rehmannia glutinosa為玄參科地黃屬植物, 其塊根為常用中藥。該植物塊根和葉中含有大量的環(huán)烯醚萜類成分, 同時(shí)還存在紫羅蘭酮、二苯乙烯、三萜、黃酮、酚酸、木脂素、含氮類、糖及其他類化合物;藥理研究表明梓醇等多個(gè)成分具有抗心腦血管疾病、神經(jīng)保護(hù)、抗糖尿病及其并發(fā)癥、抗骨質(zhì)疏松、增強(qiáng)免疫等多種藥理作用。由于中藥地黃顯著的滋補(bǔ)作用, 歷來是研究的熱點(diǎn)。對(duì)最近5年有關(guān)地黃的化學(xué)成分和藥理研究進(jìn)行綜述, 為進(jìn)一步研究提供參考。

Rehmannia glutinosa, belonging to Scrophulariaceae family, is widely distributed in China, and its root tubers are commonly called "Dihuang" in Chinese. So far large quantity of unique iridoids have been isolated from the plant, together with other types of active principles, such as megastigmas, phenethyl alcohols, triterpenes, flavonoids, lignans, alkaloids, phenolic acids, and sugars. The plant has the significant effects on cardiovascular diseases, neuroprotection, diabetes and its complications, osteoporosis, and hyperlipemia, and the active principles have entitled the plant to serve several different bioactivities including neuroprotective, hypoglycemic, lipid-lowering, anti-oxidant, antifatigue, and immuno-regulation effects. This paper reviews in detail the categorization of chemical constituents from R. glutinosa and their pharmacological activities.

國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金-河南聯(lián)合基金(U1304824);河南中醫(yī)學(xué)院博士科研基金(BSJJ2012-04)