目的 評(píng)價(jià)毛蚶提取物的遺傳毒性,為評(píng)價(jià)其安全性提供毒理學(xué)依據(jù)。方法 選用體外細(xì)菌回復(fù)突變(Ames)試驗(yàn)、中國(guó)倉(cāng)鼠肺細(xì)胞(CHL)體外染色體畸變?cè)囼?yàn)、小鼠骨髓嗜多染紅細(xì)胞微核試驗(yàn),進(jìn)行毛蚶提取物的遺傳毒性研究。Ames試驗(yàn)設(shè)5000.0、2500.0、1250.0、625.0、312.5 μg/皿5個(gè)劑量;體外CHL細(xì)胞染色體畸變?cè)囼?yàn),設(shè)立5.00、2.50、1.25 mg/mL 3個(gè)劑量,毛蚶提取物與CHL細(xì)胞分別接觸6、24 h;小鼠骨髓微核試驗(yàn),設(shè)立5000、2500、1250 mg/kg 3個(gè)劑量,給藥1次。結(jié)果 Ames試驗(yàn),毛蚶提取物在加與不加S9時(shí)各劑量組回變菌落數(shù)均未超過(guò)自發(fā)回變菌落數(shù)的2倍,亦無(wú)劑量相關(guān)性,結(jié)果為陰性;CHL染色體畸變?cè)囼?yàn),毛蚶提取物代謝活化組和非代謝活化組的染色體畸變率均低于5%,染色體畸變?cè)囼?yàn)結(jié)果為陰性。小鼠骨髓微核試驗(yàn),各劑量組的微核率與陰性對(duì)照組比較,差異不顯著,結(jié)果為陰性。結(jié)論 在本試驗(yàn)條件下,毛蚶提取物未見潛在的遺傳毒性。

Objective To assess the genotoxicity of extract from Arca subcrenata, in order to provide toxicological basis for evaluating its safety. Methods Ames test, CHL chromosome aberration assay, and bone marrow micronucleus assay in mice were used. In Ames test, there were five dose groups respectively at follows:5000.0, 2500.0, 1250.0, 625.0, and 312.5 mg/plate. In CHL chromosome aberration assay, the doses were 5.00, 2.50, and 1.25 mg/mL, exposure time were 6 and 24 h. In vivo micronucleus assay, there were 3 dose groups:5000, 2500, 1250 mg/kg, for just once. Results In Ames test, in the presence of S9 mixture or not, the number of revertant colonies in five dose groups did not exceed 2-fold of the spontaneous revertant colony number, nor was there a dose-response relationship, the result of Ames test was negative. At the concentration of 1.25-5.00 mg/mL, the extract from A. subcrenata achieved a chromosome aberration of less than 5% with or without S9 mixture, negative response was found. In bone marrow micronucleus assay, compared with negative control group, micronucleus rate of each dose group showed no significant difference, and the result was negative. Conclusion Under this conditions, no genotoxicity was observed in the extract from A. subcrenata.