目的 評價風疹病毒減毒活疫苗的潛在神經毒力。方法 普通級恒河猴隨機分為2組，風疹病毒減毒活疫苗組10只，對照組2只，采用猴腦定位的方法將風疹病毒減毒活疫苗接種于猴兩側丘腦，對照組接種等體積生理鹽水；檢測血清抗體效價；并觀察動物是否產生抽搐、癲癇、共濟失調、震顫等神經毒力癥狀，以及風疹病毒減毒活疫苗對一般體征、飲食、體溫的影響；風疹病毒減毒活疫苗組疫苗接種后20 d、對照組接種后31 d進行腦部及脊髓大體解剖和組織病理學檢查，以評價該疫苗的神經毒力。結果 猴丘腦注射疫苗后，風疹病毒減毒活疫苗組動物血清抗體效價呈陽性，免疫應答較好，對照組均呈陰性；動物未出現(xiàn)情緒激怒、嘔吐、頸強直、抽風驚厥等神經毒力癥狀；動物外觀、行為活動、飲食情況、體溫等各方面均未見明顯異常；組織病理學檢查未見藥物引起腦及脊髓的明顯病理學改變。結論 風疹病毒減毒活疫苗在猴體中不具有神經毒力。

Objective To evaluate the potential neurovirulence of attenuated live rubella vaccine. Methods Rhesus were randomly divided into two groups, 10 in rubella virus vaccine group, 2 in the control group. Rhesus bilateral thalamus were inoculated with attenuated live rubella vaccine via brain localization operation, rhesus in control group were inoculated with the same volume of normal saline. Neurovirulence symptoms, such as convulsion, epilepsy, incoordination, tremor, and general physical signs, food consumption, temperature were observed, and the antibody levels of them were detected. Animals were sacrificed for gross anatomy and histopathology of brain and spinal cord. Results Serum antibody titer was positive in vaccine treated group with a well immune response and negative in control group. Abnormal change of neurotoxic symptoms such as emotion infuriation, vomiting, neck stiffness, convulsion and physical appearance, behavior, food consumption, temperature and gross anatomy, histopathology of brain and spinal cord were not observed. Conclusion Attenuated live rubella vaccine has no neurovirulence on rhesus.

天津創(chuàng)新藥物安全評價技術平臺基金資助項目（2013ZX09302301）