目的 研究孟魯司特對兒童支氣管哮喘的臨床療效、肺功能及炎癥因子水平的影響。方法 選擇2014年9月-2016年3月在銅川市婦幼保健院進行診治的支氣管哮喘患兒124例，隨機分為觀察組與對照組，每組62例。對照組給予常規(guī)吸入激素治療，觀察組在對照組基礎上加用孟魯司特鈉咀嚼片。治療3個月后，觀察兩組的療效，進行日夜間癥狀評分，用酶聯(lián)免疫吸附法測定血清中白介素（IL）-6、IL-8、核轉錄因子κB（NF-κB）的水平，用肺功能測試儀檢測肺功能。結果 觀察組的有效率為88.71%，明顯高于對照組的62.90%（P<0.05）；治療后，兩組患兒的日夜間癥狀評分均明顯降低（P<0.05），且觀察組降低更為明顯（P<0.05）；治療后，兩組患兒的呼氣流量峰值（PEF）、一秒鐘用力呼氣量（FEV1）、50%肺活量最大呼氣流速（V₅₀）與25%肺活量最大呼氣流速（V₂₅）均明顯升高（P<0.05），且觀察組升高更為明顯（P<0.05）；治療后，兩組患兒的IL-6、IL-8、NF-κB水平均明顯降低（P<0.05），且觀察組降低更為明顯（P<0.05）。結論 孟魯司特對兒童支氣管哮喘具有較好的臨床療效，能明顯改善患兒的日夜間癥狀和肺功能，并降低IL-6、IL-8、NF-κB水平。

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of Montelukast on pulmonary function, IL-6, IL-8, and NF-κB in children with bronchial asthma. Methods Totally 124 cases of patients with bronchial asthma who were treated in Tongchuan Maternal and Child Health Hospital from September 2014 to March 2016 were selected and divided into two groups randomly. The patients in control group were treated with regular inhaled corticosteroid therapy, and the patients in observation group were treated with Montelukast based on the treatment of control group. After treatment for 3 months, the curative effects, day and night symptom scores, pulmonary functions, IL-6, IL-8, and NF-κB of two groups were observed. Results The effective rate of observation group was 88.71% (55/62), significantly higher than that of control group (62.90%, 39/62) (P<0.05). After treatment, the day and night symptom scores of two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment (P<0.05), and the observation group decreased more significantly (P<0.05); The PEF%, FEV1%, V₅₀, and V₂₅ of two groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the observation group increased more significantly (P<0.05); IL-6, IL-8, and NF-κB of two groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the observation group decreased mors significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion Montelukast has good curative effect on children with bronchial asthma, and can improve the day and night symptom and pulmonary function and reduce the levels of IL-6, IL-8, and NF-κB.