目的 探討丙戊酸鈉、奧卡西平與左乙拉西坦分別治療小兒癲癇的療效及對(duì)小兒認(rèn)知功能的影響。方法 收取2011年4月—2016年1月于渭南市婦幼保健院進(jìn)行治療的癲癇患兒96例作為研究對(duì)象，根據(jù)隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法將其分為A、B、C組，每組各32例，分別使用丙戊酸鈉、奧卡西平或左乙拉西坦進(jìn)行治療，3組患兒均治療16周。對(duì)3組患兒臨床療效、腦電變化情況、認(rèn)知功能變化情況以及用藥安全性進(jìn)行觀察與比較。結(jié)果 A、B、C組治療總有效率分別為71.88%、78.13%、90.63%，C組高于A、B組，但三組間比較無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異。隨治療時(shí)間延長，3組患兒癇樣放電好轉(zhuǎn)率逐漸升高。C組好轉(zhuǎn)率高于B組更高于A組，組間比較差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P＜0.05）。3組患兒治療前語言智商（VIQ）、操作智商（PIQ）及總智商（FIQ）均無顯著差異，治療后B、C兩組均較治療前得分顯著升高，且高于同期A組得分，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P＜0.05）。A組不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率為28.13%，B組為12.50%，C組為3.13%，3組間比較差異顯著（P＜0.05）。結(jié)論 丙戊酸鈉、奧卡西平與左乙拉西坦單藥治療小兒癲癇療效相當(dāng)，但奧卡西平與左乙拉西坦對(duì)腦電功能及小兒認(rèn)知功能改善具有更加積極的意義，且以左乙拉西坦的安全性更高，具有更好的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。

Objective To explore the clinical effect and influence on congnitive function of single use of valproate, oxcarbazepine, and levetiracetam in treatment of children epilepsy. Methods Children with epilepsy (96 cases) accepted in Weinan Matemty and Child Health Care Hospital from April 2011 to January 2016 were randomly divided into groups A, B, and C. Children in those three groups were given valproate, oxcarbazepine, and levetiracetam, respectively. Then the clincial efficacy, changes of EEG and congnitive function, and safety were compared. Results The total effective rates of groups A, B and C were 71.88%, 78.13%, and 90.63%, respectively, group C was little higher than groups A and B without statistically significance. The epileptiform discharge improvement rate was getting better following extended therapy. The improvement rate of group C was better than that of group B and even much better than that of group A with statistically significance (P< 0.05). The verbal IQ (VIQ), performance IQ (PIQ), and full scale IQ (FIQ) of three groups before treatment had no big difference, but the scores of groups B and C were much better than before and group A after treatment with statistically significant difference (P< 0.05). The adverse reaction rates of groups A, B, and C were 28.13%, 12.50%, and 3.13%, respectively with statistically significant difference among them (P< 0.05). Conclusion Valproate, oxcarbazepine, and levetiracetam have similar effect in treatment of children epilepsy, but oxcarbazepine and levetiracetam have positive significance in EGG and recognition function improvement. And the safety of levetiracetam is the highest of three drugs, which is worth of clincial application.