目的 研究鹽酸氨溴索聯(lián)合止咳平喘糖漿治療小兒咳嗽的臨床效果。方法 選擇2012年1月-2015年12月在成都市龍泉驛區(qū)婦幼保健院進(jìn)行診治的咳嗽患兒200例，隨機(jī)分為兩組。觀察組采用鹽酸氨溴索聯(lián)合止咳平喘糖漿治療，對(duì)照組采用鹽酸氨溴索治療。兩組均治療2周。觀察患兒治療完成后的臨床癥狀和臨床表現(xiàn)，記錄咳嗽好轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)間及咳嗽消失時(shí)間，并進(jìn)行治療效果的判定，檢測(cè)兩組患兒的肺功能指標(biāo)：呼氣流量峰值、用力肺活量、一秒鐘用力呼氣量、50%肺活量最大呼氣流速與25%肺活量最大呼氣流速，并在治療結(jié)束后，對(duì)所有患兒通過電話或門診隨訪6個(gè)月，觀察兩組的復(fù)發(fā)率，并記錄轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橄幕純豪龜?shù)。結(jié)果 觀察組的咳嗽好轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)間及咳嗽消失時(shí)間均明顯短于對(duì)照組，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。觀察組的總有效率為93.00%，明顯高于對(duì)照組的74.00%，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。經(jīng)過治療后，兩組的呼氣流量峰值、用力肺活量、一秒鐘用力呼氣量、50%肺活量最大呼氣流速與25%肺活量最大呼氣流速均明顯升高，統(tǒng)計(jì)治療前后比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）；且觀察組的升高幅度明顯優(yōu)于對(duì)照組，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。經(jīng)過6個(gè)月的隨訪發(fā)現(xiàn)，對(duì)照組有22例患兒復(fù)發(fā)，復(fù)發(fā)率為22.00%；觀察組有6例復(fù)發(fā)，復(fù)發(fā)率為6.00%，觀察組患兒的復(fù)發(fā)率明顯低于對(duì)照組，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）；對(duì)照組有14例患兒轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橄?，轉(zhuǎn)變率為14.00%；觀察組有2例患兒轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橄D(zhuǎn)變率為2.00%，觀察組患兒的轉(zhuǎn)變率明顯低于對(duì)照組，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 鹽酸氨溴索聯(lián)合止咳平喘糖漿對(duì)小兒咳嗽具有較好的療效，可以有效改善患兒的肺功能，降低復(fù)發(fā)率和哮喘轉(zhuǎn)變率，具有較高的臨床應(yīng)用價(jià)值。

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of ambroxol hydrochloride combined with cough syrupintegrated traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on infantile cough. Methods Selected 200 cases of patients with cough who were treated in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2015, divided into two groups randomly, 100 cases in observation group, 100 cases in control group. The observation group was treated with ambroxol hydrochloride combined with cough syrup, the control group were treated with ambroxol hydrochloride. To observe the clinical symptoms and clinical manifestations of the patients after treatment, recorded the time of cough and the disappearance of cough, and to determine the effect of treatment. The lung function indexes of the two groups were detected:peak expiratory flow, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second, maximal expiratory flow rate of 50% vital capacity and maximal expiratory flow rate of 25% vital capacity. All the patients were followed up for 6 months by telephone or clinic, the recurrence rate of the two groups was observed, and the number of children with asthma were recorded. Results The time of cough and the disappearance time of cough in observation group were significantly shorter than that of the control group (P<0.05); the total effective rate of observation group was 93.00% (93/100), significantly higher than that of the control group 74.00% (74/100) (P<0.05). After treatment, expiratory flow peak, forced vital capacity, one second forced expiratory volume, vital capacity 50% of maximum expiratory flow and 25% of vital capacity maximal expiratory flow of two groups were significantly increased (P<0.05) and the observation group increased more significantly than the control group (P<0.05). After 6 months of follow-up, the control group had 22 cases of recurrence, the recurrence rate was 22.00%; the observation group had 6 cases of recurrence, the recurrence rate was 6.00%, the recurrence rate of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05); the control group had 14 cases of children with asthma, the change rate was 14%; the observation group had 2 cases of children with asthma, the change rate was 2%, the change rate of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Ambroxol hydrochloride combined with cough syrup has better curative effect on infantile cough, can effectively improve children's lung function, reduce the rate of recurrence and change of asthma, which has high clinical application value.