糖尿病已成為威脅人類生命健康的第3大殺手，其發(fā)生發(fā)展與腸道菌群失調(diào)引起的系列變化密切相關。因此調(diào)整腸道菌群結構成為治療糖尿病的新思路。中藥防治糖尿病取得了較好療效，改善腸道菌群結構可能是其重要機制之一。對基于腸道菌群新靶點的中藥單體成分（小檗堿、根皮苷、大黃酸等），中藥單方（肉桂精油、黃連花薹、前胡總香豆素等）和中藥組方（葛根芩連湯、升降散、補中益氣湯等）防治糖尿病研究進展進行綜述，為糖尿病防治藥物的開發(fā)及防治方法與思路提供參考。

Diabetes has become the third largest killer to human life and health, and its development is closely related to the intestinal flora imbalance caused by series of consequences. So adjusting the structure of intestinal flora becomes a new idea for the treatment of diabetes. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has good curative effect in prevention and treatment of diabetes, and improvement on the structure of intestinal flora may be one of its important mechanisms. The article reviewed the research progress on prevention and treatment of diabetes by TCM single components (berberine, phloridzin, rheinic acid, etc), TCM single prescription (essential oil from Cinnamomum cassia, flower stalk of Coptis chinensis, total coumarin of Feucedani Radix) and TCM priscriptions (Gegen Qinlian Decoction, Shengjiang Powder, Buzhong Yiqi Decoction, Huanglian Jiedu Decoction, Wenyang Yiqi Huoxue Compound, etc.) based on new targets in intestinal flora, so as to provide reference for the development of TCM for prevention and treatment of diabetes.