目的 研究小兒肺熱咳喘顆粒（XFKP）清熱解毒、止咳平喘作用。方法 采用牛奶致熱家兔模型觀察XFKP的解熱作用；制備脂多糖（LPS）肺炎小鼠模型，觀察XFKP對支氣管肺泡灌洗液中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、髓過氧化物酶（MPO）活性及炎癥細胞的積聚的影響；采用小鼠氨水、豚鼠磷酸組胺誘咳引喘模型，觀察XFKP的止咳平喘作用。結(jié)果 與對照組比較，高、中劑量XFKP能夠顯著降低發(fā)熱家兔體溫（P<0.05）；高、中劑量XFKP明顯降低肺炎模型小鼠肺內(nèi)積水量和肺泡中白細胞總數(shù)、淋巴細胞數(shù)，且高劑量組能顯著抑制MPO活性（P<0.05、0.01）；高、中劑量XFKP組能夠顯著地延長小鼠咳嗽潛伏期，減少咳嗽次數(shù)，延長豚鼠引喘潛伏期（P<0.05、0.01）。結(jié)論 小兒肺熱咳喘顆粒具有顯著的清熱解毒、止咳平喘作用。

objective To study the efficiencies of heat-clearing, detoxicating, antitussive, and antiashmatic for Xiaoer Feire Kechuan Particles (XFKP). Methods The heat-clearing, detoxicating effects were investigated in the rabbits and mice models induced by milk and lipolysaccharide (LPS), respectively. Moreover, the activities were detected for SOD, MPO and the numbers of inflammatory cells were also counted in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from mice model. Also, the models were induced by ammonia and phosphoric acid histamine in mice or guinea pigs to observe the cough suppression and relieving asthma of XFKP. Results Compared with control group, XFKP with high and medium dose groups significantly lowered the temperature of rabbits' model (P < 0.05); XFKP with high and medium dose groups obviously reduced the fluid in the lungs of mice pneumonia model and total number of pulmonary alveolar leukocytes and lymphocytes, and significantly prolonged the cough incubation period in mice model to reduce the times of cough and the asthma incubation period in guinea pigs model (P < 0.05 or 0.01). Additionally, the high dose group inhibited the activity of MPO (P < 0.05), conspicuously. Conclusion In this paper, the efficiencies of heat-clearing, detoxicating, antitussive and antiashmatic for Xiaoer Feire Kechuan Particles were confirmed.

國家科技重大新藥創(chuàng)制項目（2015ZX09501004）；天津市科技計劃項目（16PTGCCX00090）