目的 比較研究過氧化氫和氫醌兩種化學(xué)脫色法制備白癜風(fēng)豚鼠模型，發(fā)現(xiàn)存在的問題，并分析影響因素。方法 豚鼠隨機(jī)分成模型組和對照組，每組12只，雌雄各半。采用3種方式制備白癜風(fēng)模型：5%過氧化氫溶液局部皮膚涂抺、5%過氧化氫溶液局部皮膚封閉透皮、5%氫醌溶液局部皮膚涂抺，對照組平行給予生理鹽水，連續(xù)40~50 d。肉眼觀察皮膚表面局部色素脫失現(xiàn)象；取白斑區(qū)皮膚切片，硫酸亞鐵Lillie法染色，光鏡下觀察皮膚組織形態(tài)和黑色素分布情況；Advanced 3.0圖像分析軟件測量表皮黑色素照片的平均積分光密度。結(jié)果 采用5%過氧化氫溶液兩種方式造模，豚鼠均未出現(xiàn)皮膚色素脫失，白癜風(fēng)模型未成立；采用5%氫醌溶液涂抺后，局部皮膚出現(xiàn)灰白色斑片狀色素脫失，基本達(dá)到模型的外觀要求；經(jīng)組織病理學(xué)半定量或定量分析，與對照組比較，表皮含黑色素毛囊比例、黑色素分布評分、表皮平均積分光密度均顯著降低（P<0.05、0.01）。結(jié)論 過氧化氫通過破壞黑色素結(jié)構(gòu)脫色，對其生成影響不大，模型較難成立；氫醌為酪氨酸酶抑制劑，可減少黑色素生成，更易形成白癜風(fēng)模型。

Objective To compare two chemical decolorization methods building vitiligo guinea pigs model, which were prepared by hydrogen peroxide and hydroquinone, and to discovery some existing problems and analyze the influencing factors. Methods Guinea pigs randomly divided into model and control group with 12 in each group, male and female in half. Using three ways to build vitiligo model:5% hydrogen peroxide topical skin smear, 5% hydrogen peroxide closed treatment and 5% hydroquinone solution topical skin smear. Guinea pigs in the model group were given equal volume of normal saline for consecutive 40~50 d. Local skin pigment depigmentation phenomenon was observed by naked eye. Skin sections from the white spot area were taken for ferrous sulfate Lillie staining to observe the morphology and distribution of melanin in skin tissue under light microscope. The average integral optical density of melanin photos of epidermis was measured by advanced 3.0 image analysis software. Results Using 5% hydrogen peroxide solution of two types building method, experimental animals did not appear skin depigmentation, and vitiligo model was not established; After coating with 5% hydroquinone liquid, local skin appeared gray spots flake, basically meet the requirements of the appearance of the model. In the semi-quantitative or quantitative analysis of histopathology, the melanin distribution in the skin epidermis, melanin score and the mean value of integral optical density of epidermis were significantly decreased compared with the normal control group (P < 0.01 or 0.05). Conclusion Hydrogen peroxide is a strong oxidizer, which can destroy the structure of melanin, but has little decoloring effect to set up the vitiligo model. Hydroquinone, as a tyrosinase inhibitor, can reduce the generation of melanin and are more likely to form the model of vitiligo.