目的 分析痰熱清注射液輔助治療小兒毛細支氣管炎的臨床療效及對血清炎癥因子水平的影響。方法 以2015年3月-2016年12月云南省中醫(yī)院兒科收治的80例毛細支氣管炎患兒為研究對象，隨機分為觀察組和對照組，每組40例。對照組患兒僅給予常規(guī)綜合治療，觀察組患者在常規(guī)綜合治療的基礎上加用痰熱清注射液。比較兩組的臨床療效，臨床癥狀和體征消失時間，包括咳嗽、喘息、肺部啰音消失時間以及住院時間，肺功能[呼氣次數(shù)（RR），潮氣量（VT）、吸呼比（Ti/Te）、達峰時間比（t_PTEF/t_E，潮氣呼氣鋒流速達峰時間/呼氣時間）]，以及治療前后血清炎癥因子[腫瘤壞死因子-α（TNF-α）、白介素-6（IL-6）]水平變化。結果 觀察組的治療總有效率（95.00%）顯著高于對照組（80.00%），差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.05）。觀察組的咳嗽、喘息、肺部啰音消失時間以及住院時間均顯著短于對照組，差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.05）。治療后，兩組的RR、Ti/Te均較治療前顯著降低，VT、t_PTEF/t_E均較治療前顯著升高，組內差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.05）；且觀察組的RR、Ti/Te均顯著低于對照組，VT、t_PTEF/t_E均顯著高于治療后的對照組，差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.05）。兩組的血清TNF-α、IL-6水平均較治療前顯著降低，組內差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.05）；且觀察組的均顯著低于對照組，差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.05）。結論 痰熱清注射液輔助治療小兒毛細支氣管炎的臨床療效顯著，可改善患兒預后及肺功能，其作用機制可能與調節(jié)患者血清TNF-α、IL-6水平有關。

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of Tanreqing Injection on infantile capillary bronchitis and the influence in serum inflammatory factors.Methods 80 cases of patients with infantile capillary in Yunnan provincial hospital of traditional Chinese medicine from March 2015 to December 2016 were divided into observation group and control group, 40 cases in each group. Children in the observation group were treated with comprehensive treatment, and in the control group were treated Tanreqing injection based on the comprehensive treatment. Compared the clinical effect, The times for clinical symptoms and pulmonary signs to disappear (Cough, wheezing, lung then disappear time and hospital stay), pulmonary function[Exhale number (RR), tidal volume (VT), call absorption ratio (Ti/Te), t_PTEF/t_E (moisture out front velocity t_max/expiratory time)] and serum levels of inflammatory factors[Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), a hypersensitive c-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)] before and after treatment.Results The clinical effect of observation group were significantly higher than that of the control group (P< 0.05). The disappear time of cough, wheezing, lung, and the hospital stay in the observation group were significantly shorter than that in the control group (P< 0.05). After treatment, the RR, Ti/Te, serum levels of TNF-α, hs-CRP and IL-6 of two groups were all significantly lower, VT, t_PTEF/t_E significantly higher than before treatment (P< 0.05), and in the observation group were lower or higher than that in the control group (P< 0.05).Conclusion Tanreqing injection adjuvant infantile capillary bronchitis has remarkable clinical effect, can promote patients prognosis, improve lung function, its mechanism may be related to regulate patients serum levels of TNF-α, hs-CRP, IL-6.