目的 探討納洛酮對急性新生兒呼吸窘迫綜合征（NRDS）的臨床療效及心肌的保護作用。方法 入選急性NRDS100例，隨機分為對照組（50例）和研究組（50例）；對照組給予常規(guī)治療，研究組在對照組治療的基礎(chǔ)上加用納洛酮治療。比較兩組治療前后血清肌酸激酶（CK）、肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-MB）和肌鈣蛋白I （cTnI）水平。比較兩組住院天數(shù)、機械通氣天數(shù)、用氧天數(shù)、呼吸機參數(shù)、氧合功能指標[動脈氧分壓（PaO₂）、氧合指數(shù)（OI）及動脈血/肺泡氣氧分壓比（a/APO₂）]及治愈率。結(jié)果 治療后研究組CK、CK-MB、cTnI水平均顯著低于對照組，差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.01）。研究組氧合功能各指標均優(yōu)于對照組，差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.05）。研究組呼吸機參數(shù)除PEEP外均優(yōu)于對照組，差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.05）。研究組的用氧天數(shù)、機械通氣天數(shù)、住院天數(shù)均低于對照組，差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.05）。兩組治愈率相比差異無統(tǒng)計學意義。結(jié)論 納洛酮有助于提高NRDS整體療效，對NRDS心肌保護作用明顯。

Objection To investigate the clinical efficacy and myocardial protection of naloxone in the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS).Methods 100 patients who suffer from NRDS were randomly divided into the study group (50 cases) and the control group (50 cases). The control group were given conventional treatment while the study group was additionally treated with naloxone. Before and after the study, their serum levels of CK, CK-MB, cTnI were compared between the two groups. The following parameters (days in hospital, duration time of ventilation, oxygenation function (PaO₂、OI and a/APO₂), cure rate) alse compared between the two groups.Results The serum level of CK, CK-MB, cTnI in the study group were obviously lower than the control group. The oxygenation function of the study group was superior to the control group (P< 0.05). The ventilation function of the study group was better than the control group except PEEP. After treatment, the days in hospital, the duration time of ventilation and the oxygen days were better than the control group (P< 0.05). There was no significant statistical difference between the two groups in the cure rate.Conclusion Naloxone can protect myocardial and improve the effectiveness on the conventional treatment in the NRDS.