白藜蘆醇是一種天然植物抗毒素，廣泛存在于多種植物中。白藜蘆醇對(duì)糖尿病及其并發(fā)癥的藥理作用機(jī)制多樣，包括激活SIRT1和AMPK等增加胰島素敏感性，改善胰島素抵抗；激活A(yù)kt通路、增加GLUT2的表達(dá)以及抑制PDK，影響糖代謝進(jìn)程降低血糖水平；激活SIRT1蛋白、PGC-1α蛋白以及參與線粒體途徑，促進(jìn)SOD1的生成、降低ROS的表達(dá)以及減少線粒體凋亡，減少胰島β細(xì)胞的氧化應(yīng)激損傷；也能通過激活A(yù)MPK通路、PPARα通路以及下調(diào)VEGF受體Flk-1的表達(dá)改善糖尿病腎病，抑制NF-κB而改善糖尿病性肝損傷和糖尿病視網(wǎng)膜病變等。綜述了近5年來白藜蘆醇對(duì)糖尿病及其并發(fā)癥作用機(jī)制的研究進(jìn)展，為進(jìn)一步研究開發(fā)提供參考。

Resveratrol is a natural phytoalexin that exists widely in many plants. Resveratrol has a variety of mechanism of action on diabetes and its complications. Firstly, resveratrol activates SIRT1 and AMPK, increases insulin sensitivity and improves insulin resistance. Secondly, resveratrol activates the Akt pathway, increases the expression of GLUT2 and inhibits PDK, and affects the glucose metabolism process to reduce the blood glucose level. Resveratrol can activate SIRT1 protein and PGC-1α protein, and participate in mitochondrial pathway, promote SOD1 production, reduce ROS expression, reduce mitochondrial apoptosis and reduce oxidative stress damage of pancreatic β-cells. On the one hand, resveratrol can also improve the diabetic nephropathy by activating the AMPK pathway, PPARα pathway and down-regulating the expression of VEGF receptor Flk-1. In addition, resveratrol can inhibit NF-κB, improve diabetic liver injury and diabetic retinopathy. In this paper, the progress of resveratrol on the mechanism of diabetes and its complications in recent five years are reviewed to provide a reference for the further research and development of resveratrol.