目的 分析急支糖漿聯(lián)合阿奇霉素治療小兒支原體肺炎的療效及對(duì)炎癥因子水平的影響。方法 回顧性選取2014年7月-2016年9月成都市郫都區(qū)人民醫(yī)院收治的小兒支原體肺炎患兒94例，根據(jù)治療方法不同分為對(duì)照組和觀察組。對(duì)照組患兒采用阿奇霉素序貫療法進(jìn)行治療，首先iv阿奇霉素10 mg/（kg·d），連續(xù)用藥5 d；之后口服阿奇霉素顆粒5 mg/（kg·d），連續(xù)用藥3 d，停藥4 d為1個(gè)療程。觀察組患兒在對(duì)照組基礎(chǔ)上同時(shí)口服急支糖漿，根據(jù)年齡確定劑量，<3歲者7 mL/次；3~7歲者10 mL/次；7~12歲者15 mL/次，均為3次/d。兩組均治療2個(gè)療程。觀察兩組患兒癥狀、體征消失時(shí)間、住院時(shí)間、不良反應(yīng)情況、血清炎癥因子、基質(zhì)金屬蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）、丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）水平變化情況。結(jié)果 觀察組患兒退熱時(shí)間、咳嗽消失時(shí)間、肺部濕啰音消失時(shí)間及住院時(shí)間均短于對(duì)照組，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。兩組患兒治療后超敏C-反應(yīng)蛋白（hs-CRP）、白介素-4（IL-4）、降鈣素原（PCT）、MMP-9及MDA水平均較治療前下降，γ-干擾素（IFN-γ）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）水平較治療前上升，同組治療前后比較差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。觀察組患兒治療后hs-CRP、IL-4、PCT、MMP-9及MDA水平低于對(duì)照組，IFN-γ和SOD水平高于對(duì)照組，組間差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。觀察組患兒不良反應(yīng)率為8.16%，對(duì)照組為37.78%，觀察組患兒不良反應(yīng)率低于對(duì)照組，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 急支糖漿聯(lián)合阿奇霉素治療小兒支原體肺炎療效確切，可調(diào)節(jié)患兒血清炎癥因子水平，抑制患兒氧自由基產(chǎn)生，且安全性較高。

Objective To analyze the effect of azithromycin and fast syrup on the treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in children and its influence on the improvement of inflammatory factors. Methods A retrospective selection of children with mycoplasma pneumonia from July 2014 to September 2016 in our hospital 94 cases, according to the different treatment methods were divided into observation group and control group. The control group were treated with Azithromycin Sequential therapy, the observation group were treated with Azithromycin combined with acute bronchitis syrup for treatment. Observation of two groups of children with symptoms, signs disappeared time, hospitalization time, adverse reactions, inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinase -9 (MMP-9), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. Results The time of fever, the time of cough disappearance, the time of lung rales disappearance and the length of stay in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group (P<0.05). The two groups after treatment hs-CRP, IL-4, PCT, MMP-9 and MDA levels were lower than that before treatment, IFN-γ and SOD levels compared with those before treatment (P<0.05). The levels of hs-CRP, IL-4, PCT, MMP-9 and MDA in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the levels of IFN-γ and SOD were higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). To observe the adverse reaction rate of 8.16% groups, the control group was 37.78%. The adverse reactions in the observation group were lower than control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Azithromycin Jizhi syrup for the treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in children is effective, can regulate the level of serum inflammatory factors in children, children with inhibition of oxygen free radicals, and high safety.

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