目的 分析探討低劑量地西他濱與支持治療對(duì)骨髓增生異常綜合征低?；颊哳A(yù)后的影響。方法 選取2016年10月-2018年10月于西安市中心醫(yī)院收治的110例骨髓增生異常綜合征患者，根據(jù)治療方案的不同將所有患者分為對(duì)照組和觀察組，每組各55例。對(duì)照組患者均給予支持治療，而觀察組患者則在對(duì)照組基礎(chǔ)上給予低劑量地西他濱進(jìn)行治療。第1~5天為1個(gè)療程，每個(gè)療程至少間隔3周，治療至少2個(gè)療程。比較兩組患者的臨床療效和不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生情況。結(jié)果 治療后，觀察組患者的總有效率為67.27%，顯著優(yōu)于對(duì)照組患者的34.55%（P<0.05）。治療后，觀察組患者中出現(xiàn)3級(jí)以上感染和因不良反應(yīng)死亡的不良情況發(fā)生率分別為32.73%和3.64%，均顯著低于對(duì)照組患者的60.00%和29.09%（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 對(duì)骨髓增生異常綜合征低?；颊卟捎玫蛣┝康匚魉麨I治療能夠有效改善患者的臨床預(yù)后，在降低其不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率的同時(shí)大大提升了治療效果，值得在臨床上加以推廣運(yùn)用。

Objective To investigate the effect of low dose dietabine and supportive therapy on prognosis of low risk patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. Methods Patients (110 cases) with myelodysplastic syndrome in Xi'an Central Hospital from October 2016 to October 2018 were divided into control and observation groups according to different treatment, and each group had 55 cases. Patients in the control group were given support treatment, while the observation group were given low dose dietabine on the basis of control group. The first to the fifth day is a course of treatment, each course is at least 3 weeks apart, and patients in two groups were treated for 2 courses. The clinical efficacy and adverse reactions in two groups were compared. Results After treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group was 67.27%, which was higher than 34.55% of the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the incidence of infection above grade 3 and the death due to adverse reactions in the observation group were 32.73% and 3.64%, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the 60.00% and 29.09% in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The treatment of low risk patients with myelodysplastic syndrome with low dose of dicitabine can effectively improve the clinical prognosis, reduce the incidence of adverse reactions and greatly improve the efficacy of the treatment, it is worth to be popularized in clinical use.