二肽基肽酶Ⅳ（DPP-4）抑制劑為一類在2型糖尿病中應(yīng)用廣泛的口服降糖藥，其療效確切、給藥方便、總體耐受性好，但目前尚未被批準(zhǔn)用于1型糖尿病。國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)表明在1型糖尿病患者體內(nèi)DPP-4抑制劑可以輔助胰島素改善血糖、保護(hù)胰島β細(xì)胞功能、降低谷氨酸脫羧酶抗體（GADA）滴度、減少胰島素劑量，且不增加低血糖風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和體質(zhì)量。因此，DPP-4抑制劑可能可作為1型糖尿病患者胰島素的輔助治療，作用機(jī)制可能源于其抑制胰島α細(xì)胞分泌胰高血糖素，通過(guò)免疫機(jī)制使胰島β細(xì)胞免受摧毀。

DPP-4 inhibitors, a class of effective, convenient and well-tolerated oral hypoglycemic drugs widely used in type 2 diabetes mellitus, have not been approved for type 1 diabetes mellitus yet. Referring to the relevant literatures at home and abroad, we found DPP-4 inhibitors may be an adjuvant therapy for insulin in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. They can assist insulin to improve blood glucose, protect function of islet beta cell, reduce GADA titer and decrease insulin dose in patients with type 1 diabetes, without increasing the risk of hypoglycemia and body weight. The mechanism may be that DPP-4 inhibitors can inhibit the secretion of glucagon by islet alpha cells and lessen the destruction of islet beta cells by immune mechanism.