目的 采用幼齡厭食癥模型大鼠，評(píng)價(jià)小兒化滯健脾丸的治療作用，并探討其對(duì)模型大鼠外周血及下丘腦中膽囊收縮素（CCK8）和β-內(nèi)啡肽（β-EP）等的影響。方法 將72只SD幼年大鼠隨機(jī)分為對(duì)照組、模型組、陽(yáng)性組及小兒化滯健脾丸高、中、低劑量組，每組12只。用特制飼料喂養(yǎng)法構(gòu)建小兒厭食癥模型，給藥4周，監(jiān)測(cè)體質(zhì)量和攝食量等一般狀態(tài)。末次完成給藥后，測(cè)定其小腸推進(jìn)率；采用ELISA試劑盒檢測(cè)血漿中CCK8和β-EP的含量；取下丘腦，做病理切片，HE染色觀察組織形態(tài)學(xué)改變，并采用免疫組化法檢測(cè)組織中CCK8和β-EP的表達(dá)情況。結(jié)果 與模型組比較，各治療組大鼠的進(jìn)食量、體質(zhì)量、小腸推進(jìn)率等均顯著增加（P<0.05、0.01）；陽(yáng)性組及小兒化滯健脾丸高、中、低劑量組外周血β-EP含量顯著增高（P<0.01），且陽(yáng)性組、小兒化滯健脾丸高劑量組下丘腦中β-EP蛋白表達(dá)顯著增高；陽(yáng)性組及小兒化滯健脾丸高、中、低劑量組血漿CCK8含量顯著降低（P<0.01），且陽(yáng)性組和小兒化滯健脾丸高、中劑量組下丘腦CCK8蛋白表達(dá)顯著降低（P<0.01）。各組間下丘腦組織形態(tài)學(xué)無(wú)明顯差異。結(jié)論 小兒化滯健脾丸可以有效改善小兒厭食模型的厭食癥狀，提示該藥對(duì)小兒厭食癥有較好的治療作用，其作用機(jī)制可能為通過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)β-EP、CCK8等的表達(dá)，即調(diào)節(jié)"腦腸肽-食欲中樞"來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)其治療作用。

Objective The young rats with anorexia were used to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Xiaoer Huazhi Jianpi Pills and its effects on CCK8 and β-EP in model rats. Method A total of 72 SD young rats were randomly divided into blank control group, model group, positive group and high, medium and low dose groups of Xiaoer Huazhi Jianpi Pills, each group had 12 rats. The model of anorexia in children was constructed by special feed feeding method, and the body weight and food intake was monitored. After the last administration, the intestinal propulsion rate was measured, CCK8 and β-EP in plasma were determined by ELISA. Histopathological changes were observed by pathological sections of the hypothalamus and HE staining, and the expressions of CCK8 and β-EP in the tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with the model group, the food intake, body weight, and intestinal propulsion rate of the rats in each treatment group increased significantly (P<0.05, 0.01). The β -EP content in the peripheral blood of the positive group and high, medium and low dose groups of Xiaoer Huazhi Jianpi Pills were significantly increased (P<0.01), and the expression of β-EP in the hypothalamus of the positive group and the high dose group was significantly increased. Plasma CCK8 levels were significantly decreased in the positive,and high, medium and low dose groups, and the expression of CCK8 in the hypothalamus of the positive, high and medium dose groups was significantly decreased (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the histomorphology of hypothalamus among groups. Conclusion Xiaoer Huazhi Jianpi Pills can effectively improve the anorexia symptoms in children with anorexia model, suggesting that the drug has a good therapeutic effect on anorexia in children. The mechanism may be through regulation of β -EP and CCK8, etc. that is, regulating the "brainintestinal peptide-appetite center" to achieve its therapeutic effect.