目的 探討小兒消積止咳顆粒治療小兒急性支氣管炎伴積食的臨床療效。方法 選取2016年5月-2020年1月江蘇大學(xué)附屬武進醫(yī)院收治的98例急性支氣管炎伴積食患兒作為研究對象。采用隨機數(shù)字表分組法分為對照組（46例）與觀察組（52例）。對照組給予西醫(yī)常規(guī)干預(yù)。觀察組在對照組治療基礎(chǔ)上口服小兒消積止咳顆粒，其中年齡小于1歲者，3 g/次；1~3歲者，6 g/次；3~5歲者，9 g/次；大于5歲者，12 g/次；3次/d。兩組均維持治療7 d。觀察兩組中醫(yī)療效及疾病臨床療效，對比治療前后兩組患兒的中醫(yī)癥狀（主癥、次癥、舌脈）積分、血氣分析指標[氧分壓（pO₂）、二氧化碳分壓（pCO₂）、血氧飽和度（SaO₂）]變化情況，另觀察治療期間患兒不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生情況。結(jié)果 治療后，觀察組中醫(yī)療效總有效率為98.08%，顯著高于對照組的84.78%，差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療后，觀察組疾病臨床療效總有效率為94.23%，顯著高于對照組的80.43%，差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療后，兩組主癥、次癥、舌脈及癥狀總積分均較治療前降低（P<0.05）；且觀察組治療后主癥、次癥、舌脈及癥狀總積分均較對照組降低（P<0.05）。兩組治療后pO₂、SaO₂均顯著升高，pCO₂顯著降低，差異均有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）；且觀察組治療后pO₂、SaO₂顯著高于對照組，pCO₂均低于對照組，差異均有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療期間，兩組不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率比較差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。結(jié)論 小兒消積止咳顆粒治療小兒急性支氣管炎伴積食，可明顯促進癥狀減輕，改善血氣分析指標，提升臨床療效，且安全性良好。

Objective To explore the clinical effect of Xiaoji Zhike Granules in treatment of acute bronchitis with food accumulation in children. Methods A total of 98 children with acute bronchitis and accumulated food admitted to Wujin Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University from May 2016 to January 2020 were selected as the research objects. Patients were divided into control group (46 cases) and observation group (52 cases) by random number table grouping method. Patients in the control group was given routine western medicine intervention. Patients in the observation group were po administered with Xiaoji Zhike Granules, age <1 year old, 3 g/time, age ≥ 1 year old and ≤ 3 years old were 6 g/time; age over 3 years old and ≤ 5 years were 9 g/time; over 5 years old, 12 g/time; three times daily. Both groups were treated for 7 days. After treatment, the curative effect of traditonal Chinese medicine, and clinical curative effect of diseases in two groups were observed, and the changes of TCM symptoms (main symptom, secondary symptom, tongue vein) score, blood gas analysis indexes pO₂, pCO₂, SaO₂ in two groups before and after treatment were compared, and the occurrence of adverse reactions in the children during treatment were observed. Results After treatment, the total effective rate of TCM in the observation group was 98.08%, which was significantly higher than 84.78% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the total effective rate of clinical efficacy was 94.23% in the observation group, which was significantly higher than 80.43% in the control group, with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). After treatment, the scores of main symptoms, secondary symptoms, tongue vein and total symptoms in two groups were lower than before treatment (P<0.05). After treatment, the scores of the main symptoms, secondary symptoms, tongue vein and total symptoms in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, pO₂ and SaO₂ were significantly increased, but pCO₂ was significantly decreased in two groups, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). After treatment, pO₂ and SaO₂ in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and pCO₂ was lower than that in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). During treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between two groups. Conclusion Xiaoji Zhike Granules in treatment of acute bronchitis with food accumulation in children can significantly promote the reduction of symptoms, improve blood gas analysis indicators, enhance clinical efficacy, with good safety.

R974;R975

國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目［中藥口服制劑先進制造關(guān)鍵技術(shù)與示范研究（2019YFC1712000）］