目的 觀察人臍帶間充質(zhì)干細(xì)胞（hUC-MSCs）對(duì)SD大鼠膝骨關(guān)節(jié)炎的治療效果。方法 8周齡近交系SD雄性大鼠6只，均采用自身雙側(cè)對(duì)照研究。應(yīng)用手術(shù)方法切斷雙膝關(guān)節(jié)前交叉韌帶，手術(shù)后不固定傷肢，籠內(nèi)自由活動(dòng)。術(shù)后4周，右側(cè)作為模型側(cè)，左側(cè)膝關(guān)節(jié)注射hUC-MSCs 100 μL（1×10⁷ cells/mL）。注射后4周，處死所有實(shí)驗(yàn)組大鼠并收取雙側(cè)膝關(guān)節(jié)標(biāo)本，進(jìn)行HE和甲苯胺藍(lán)染色。結(jié)果 模型側(cè)細(xì)胞排列紊亂，細(xì)胞簇集明顯，有細(xì)胞消失、基質(zhì)染色不均、軟骨結(jié)構(gòu)改變、表面凹凸不平、軟骨層次較差等現(xiàn)象，表明軟骨蛻變，骨關(guān)節(jié)炎形成；hUC-MSCs治療側(cè)與模型側(cè)相比，軟骨細(xì)胞排列基本整齊，呈柱狀，細(xì)胞增生較多，細(xì)胞簇集明顯減少，潮線較完整。軟骨表面相對(duì)平滑，表明軟骨處于損傷修復(fù)中。結(jié)論 hUC-MSCs移植治療有助于改善大鼠膝骨關(guān)節(jié)炎，使大鼠關(guān)節(jié)軟骨破壞減輕，促進(jìn)軟骨組織修復(fù)。

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell injection on knee osteoarthritis in SD rats. Methods Inbred Sprague Dawley (SD) male rats of eight weeks old were studied by bilateral self control. The anterior cruciate ligament of both knee joints was cut by surgical method, the injured limb was not fixed after surgery, and the cage was free to move. Four weeks after the operation, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell injection of 100 μL (1×10⁷ cells/mL) was injected into the left knee joint. Four weeks after injection, all rats in the experimental group were sacrificed and bilateral knee specimens were collected. Results HE and toluidine blue staining showed that the cells on the single operation side were disordered, the cell clusters were obvious, the cells disappeared, the matrix staining was uneven, the cartilage structure changed, the surface was uneven, and the cartilage level was poor, indicating that the cartilage was in metamorphosis and osteoarthritis was formed. Compared with the single operation side, the stem cell treatment side showed that chondrocytes were arranged in a basically neat columnar shape, with more cell proliferation, significantly reduced cell clusters, and relatively intact tidal line. The cartilage surface is relatively smooth, indicating that the cartilage isin repair from injury. Conclusion hUC-MSCs transplantation therapy can improve the arthritis of rats, reduce the damage of articular cartilage and repair the cartilage tissue.

國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃“干細(xì)胞及轉(zhuǎn)化研究”重點(diǎn)專項(xiàng)（2019YFA0112100）；天津市科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目（17ZXXYSY00020）