抗血小板藥物是預(yù)防和治療心肌梗死和缺血性腦卒中等動(dòng)脈血栓疾病的主要藥物，目前應(yīng)用的該類藥物主要包括阿司匹林、P2Y₁₂受體拮抗劑、糖蛋白IIb/IIIa（GPIIb/IIIa）受體拮抗劑和蛋白酶激活受體（PAR1）拮抗劑等。盡管已有抗血小板藥物能夠在一定程度上降低動(dòng)脈血栓疾病的發(fā)生，但出血副作用不容忽視。隨著對(duì)血小板相關(guān)機(jī)制研究的不斷深入，越來(lái)越多抗血小板藥物新靶點(diǎn)被發(fā)現(xiàn)，包括蛋白酶激活受體（PARs）、血小板糖蛋白VI（GPVI）、磷脂酰肌醇激酶（PI3Kβ）和蛋白二硫鍵異構(gòu)酶（PDI）等。綜述了已上市的抗血小板藥物、目前臨床應(yīng)用存在的問(wèn)題以及以新靶點(diǎn)研發(fā)的研究狀況。

Antiplatelet drugs are the main drugs for the prevention and treatment of arterial thrombosis including myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. Antiplatelet drugs already available mainly include aspirin, P2Y₁₂ receptor antagonists, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GPIIb/IIIa) receptor antagonists and protease activated receptor 1 (PAR1) antagonists. Although the existing antiplatelet drugs can reduce the incidence of arterial thrombotic diseases to a certain extent, their bleeding side effects should not be ignored. With the development of platelet related mechanism, more and more new targets of antiplatelet drugs have been revealed, including protease activated receptor (PARs), platelet glycoprotein VI (GPVI), phosphatidylinositol kinase (PI3Kβ) and protein disulfide isomerase (PDI). This paper reviews the research and development of antiplatelet drugs, the existing problems in clinical application and the research status of antiplatelet drugs with new targets.

天津市第二批特支計(jì)劃青年拔尖人才基金（TJTZJH-QNBJRC-2-7）；天津市科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目（19YFZCSY00620）