高尿酸血癥是人體內(nèi)嘌呤代謝紊亂而引起的一種代謝性疾病，也是誘發(fā)痛風(fēng)的生物化學(xué)基礎(chǔ)。由于腎臟是尿酸排泄的主要器官，其在尿酸平衡中發(fā)揮重要作用，高尿酸血癥與慢性腎病、糖尿病腎病、IgA腎病等腎臟疾病的發(fā)生與發(fā)展密切相關(guān)。目前，臨床常用的降尿酸藥物包括：抑制尿酸生成藥物（別嘌醇和非布司他）、促進(jìn)尿酸排泄藥物（丙磺舒和苯溴馬?。┮约按龠M(jìn)尿酸降解藥物（拉布立酶和普瑞凱希），但這些藥物在有效性和安全性上仍存在使用缺陷。綜述高尿酸血癥及其治療藥物與腎臟疾病的關(guān)聯(lián)性，以期為臨床中具有腎臟獲益的新型降尿酸藥物開(kāi)發(fā)提供參考。

Hyperuricemia is a metabolic disease caused by the disorder of purine metabolism in the human body, and it is also the biochemical basis for inducing gout. Since the kidney is the main organ for uric acid excretion, it plays an important role in uric acid balance. Hyperuricemia is closely related to the occurrence and development of chronic kidney disease, diabetic nephropathy, IgA nephropathy and other kidney diseases. At present, the commonly used clinical drugs for lowering uric acid include:drugs that inhibit the production of uric acid (allopurinol and febuxostat), drugs that promote the excretion of uric acid (probenecid and benzbromarone), and drugs that promote the degradation of uric acid (rasburicase and pegloticase), but these drugs still have some defects in their effectiveness and safety. This article reviews the relationship between hyperuricemia, kidney disease and uric acidlowering drugs, in order to provide reference for the development of new uric acid-lowering drugs with renal benefits in clinical practice.

R977.7

天津市科技計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目（19YFZCSY00630）；中國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院醫(yī)學(xué)與健康科技創(chuàng)新工程資助項(xiàng)目（2019-I2M-5-020）