目的 比較瓜蔞薤白半夏湯（GXBD）不同提取部位對心肌缺血大鼠的保護(hù)作用，初步探尋該經(jīng)典方劑干預(yù)"胸痹"的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。方法 瓜蔞、薤白、法半夏的比例為5：2：2，95%乙醇加熱回流提取3次，依次用石油醚、氯仿、醋酸乙酯、正丁醇及水進(jìn)行萃取，得GXB1~GXB5部位；藥渣水煎后得GXB6部位。Wistar大鼠結(jié)扎冠狀動脈左前降支，制備急性心肌缺血（AMI）模型。采用多導(dǎo)生理記錄儀監(jiān)測大鼠心電圖，并統(tǒng)計ST段抬高陽性率。心肌切片氧化三苯四氮唑（TTC）法染色后，采用圖像分析處理系統(tǒng)測算心肌梗死率。生化試劑盒檢測血清肌酸激酶（CK）、肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-MB）的活性。采用AMI動物模型及心肌缺血診斷指標(biāo)評價GXBD的6個部位干預(yù)AMI的藥效，首先進(jìn)行各部位各劑量的縱向比較，確定每個部位的最佳作用劑量；然后進(jìn)行6個部位之間的橫向比較，篩選出有效部位。最后，對有效部位的化學(xué)成分進(jìn)行理化鑒定。結(jié)果 對于AMI模型大鼠，GXB4~GXB6均能夠顯著降低AMI大鼠的心電圖ST段抬高陽性率、心肌梗死率及血清CK、CK-MB活性，其中GXB4作用最顯著；而GXB1~GXB3雖然也顯示出一定的缺血保護(hù)作用，但結(jié)果無顯著性差異。GXB4~GXB6部位共有的化學(xué)成分為糖類、香豆素、苷類，GXB4特有的成分為甾體及萜類。結(jié)論 GXB4~GXB6部位對AMI有顯著干預(yù)效果，GXB4效果最為顯著；發(fā)揮AMI保護(hù)作用的物質(zhì)可能是糖類、香豆素、苷類、甾體及萜類。

Objective To compare the protective effects of different extracts of Gualou Xiebai Banxia Decoction (GXBD) on myocardial ischemia in rats, and to explore the material basis of this classic prescription for intervention in "chest pain". Method The ratio of whole scallion, scallion white, and Pinellia ternata is 5:2:2, 95% ethanol is heated and refluxed for three times, and then extracted with petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water to obtain GXB1-GXB5 parts. GXB6 parts are obtained after decocting the dregs. Wistar rats ligated the left anterior descending coronary artery to prepare an acute myocardial ischemia (AMI) model. A multi-channel victory recorder was used to monitor the rat electrocardiogram, and the positive rate of ST segment elevation was counted. After the myocardial slices were stained with triphenyltetrazolium oxide (TTC), the myocardial infarction rate was measured by the image analysis and processing system. The biochemical kit detects the activity of serum creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB). Using the above-mentioned animal models and diagnostic indicators of myocardial ischemia, the efficacy of six parts from GXBD on intervention AMI was firstly compared within each part to find the best dose of each part, then the six parts were compared. The horizontal comparison, screen out the effective parts. Finally, physical and chemical identification of the chemical composition of the effective part. Results For AMI model rats, GXB4-GXB6 can significantly reduce the positive rate of ST segment elevation, myocardial infarction rate and serum CK and CK-MB activities in AMI rats. GXB4 has the strongest effect, and GXB1-GXB3 although the three parts of also showed a certain ischemic protection, the statistical results showed no significant difference. Conclusion The common chemical components of GXB4-GXB6 are:polysaccharide, coumarins, glycosides, and the unique components of GXB4 are steroids and terpenes. The three parts of GXB4- GXB6 have a significant intervention effect on AMI, and GXB4 has the most significant effect, the substances that exert the protective effect of AMI may be polysaccharide, coumarins, glycosides, steroids and terpenes.

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國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目（81573852）；山東省重點研發(fā)計劃公益類項目（2018GSF119009）；山東省自然科學(xué)基金資助項目（ZR201911150033）.