目的 探究白頭翁皂苷B₄栓劑對冰醋酸、巴豆油及細(xì)菌所致痔瘡模型大鼠的治療作用。方法 應(yīng)用混合脂肪酸甘油酯36型號和38型號制備含白頭翁皂苷B₄ 5、10、20 mg·粒^-1的栓劑。分別用冰醋酸、巴豆油、細(xì)菌建立急性痔瘡大鼠模型，每種模型制備完成后大鼠均隨機(jī)分為模型組、空白栓劑組、馬應(yīng)龍麝香痔瘡膏（陽性藥，1 g·kg^-1）組和白頭翁皂苷B₄栓劑（5、10、20 mg·粒^-1）組，每組10只，對照組未經(jīng)任何處理。白頭翁皂苷B₄栓劑各劑量組每天給藥2次，給藥3 d，共6次；馬應(yīng)龍麝香痔瘡膏每天1次，給藥3 d，共3次。3 d后取大鼠肛門組織，HE染色后比較各組大鼠肛周組織病理形態(tài)學(xué)變化；血常規(guī)檢測儀檢測血液中白細(xì)胞（WBC）、中性粒細(xì)胞（NEUT）、淋巴細(xì)胞（LYMPH）水平；ELISA法檢測大鼠血清和肛門組織中白細(xì)胞介素-6（IL-6）、IL-1β、腫瘤壞死因子-α（TNF-α）水平。結(jié)果 與模型組比較，白頭翁皂苷B₄栓劑明顯改善大鼠肛周組織充血腫脹及肛周組織病變，顯著降低血液中WBC、LYMPH和NEUT水平，顯著抑制血清和組織中IL-6、IL-1β和TNF-α水平（P＜0.05、0.01、0.001）。結(jié)論 白頭翁皂苷B₄栓劑能有效改善急性痔瘡模型大鼠的組織病變，調(diào)節(jié)免疫細(xì)胞，抑制炎癥因子反應(yīng)，對急性痔瘡具有治療作用。

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of anemoside B₄ suppository on hemorrhoid model rats caused by acetic acid, croton oil and bacteria. Methods Anemoside B 4 suppository of 5, 10 and 20 mg·granule-1 was prepared by mixed fatty acid glyceride 36 and 38 models. Three models of hemorrhoids were prepared with acetic acid, croton oil, and bacteria. After successful modeling, rats were randomly divided into model group, blank suppository group, Mayinglong Musk hemorrhoid ointment (positive drug, 1 g·kg^-1) group and anemoside B₄ suppository 5, 10, 20 mg·granule-1 groups, ten in each group and rats control group without any treatment. Anemoside B 4 suppository was administered twice a day for 3 d, 6 times in total. Mayinglong musk Hemorrhoid ointment was given once a day for 3 d, 3 times in total. Anal tissues of rats were collected 3 d later, and the pathological changes of perianal tissues were compared after HE staining. Blood routine examinations were performed to detect the levels of white blood cells (WBC), NEUT and LYMPH. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor - α (TNF- α) in serum and anal tissue of rats were determined by ELISA. Results Compared with model group, anemoside B₄ significantly improved rat perianal tissue congestion and swelling and perianal tissue lesions, reduced the levels of WBC, NEUT, and LYMPH in the blood, and inhibited the inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α in serum and tissues (P<0.05、0.01、0.001). Conclusion Anemoside B₄ can effectively treat anal tissue lesions in rats with acute hemorrhoids, and its mechanism of action may be related to reducing the levels of WBC, NEUT, and LYMPH and inhibiting the release of inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α.

R285.5

2020年度天然藥物活性與功能國家重點實驗室研究課題(GTZK202007)