針對(duì)目前兒童中成藥在臨床使用中存在的“六少”“三多”等現(xiàn)象，提出兒童中成藥的使用要力求精準(zhǔn)。精準(zhǔn)治療包含3方面的內(nèi)容：即精準(zhǔn)定位、精準(zhǔn)評(píng)價(jià)和精準(zhǔn)研發(fā)。精準(zhǔn)定位是指藥物治療的西醫(yī)病種應(yīng)明確，中醫(yī)證型要清楚；標(biāo)明是治療藥物還是輔助治療藥物；特別是目前中成藥大多是西醫(yī)生在使用，所以，既要闡明中醫(yī)的證候，更要明確可改善的癥狀。精準(zhǔn)評(píng)價(jià)是利用循證醫(yī)學(xué)的方法，全面、系統(tǒng)、準(zhǔn)確地評(píng)價(jià)藥物干預(yù)的節(jié)點(diǎn)，解決的具體問(wèn)題；在患兒法定監(jiān)護(hù)人知情同意的基礎(chǔ)上，客觀評(píng)價(jià)成人藥治療兒童疾病的療效及不良反應(yīng)。精準(zhǔn)研發(fā)要“有為、有所不為”，對(duì)于兒童發(fā)病率比較高、中醫(yī)治療效果比較好、目前已上市的中成藥品種比較少的疾病，要重點(diǎn)研發(fā)；對(duì)于有些雖然是常見(jiàn)病，但目前已上市的中成藥品種較多的情況下，要少研發(fā)；特別是對(duì)于沒(méi)有創(chuàng)新和突破的品種，盡量不研發(fā)。

In view of the current phenomenon of "six less, three more" in the clinical use of precision treatment of Chinese patent medicine for children, the use of precision treatment of Chinese patent medicine for children should strive for precision. Precision therapy includes three aspects:precision positioning, precision evaluation and precision research and development. Precise positioning means that the types of western medicine diseases treated by drugs should be clear, and the types of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) types should be clear. Indicate whether it is therapeutic or adjunctive; especially at present, precision treatment of Chinese patent medicine is mostly used by western medical doctors, so it is necessary to clarify the TCM symptoms, but also to clarify the symptoms that can be improved. Precise evaluation is a comprehensive, systematic and precise evaluation of drug intervention nodes and specific problems to be solved by using evidence-based medicine methods. On the basis of informed consent of children's legal guardians, the efficacy and adverse reactions of adult drugs in the treatment of children's diseases were objectively evaluated. Precise research and development should determine what to be done and what not to. For diseases with high morbidity in children and good therapeutic effects in Chinese medicine, but with fewer varieties of precision treatment of Chinese patent medicines currently on the market,we should focus on research and development; for some although it is a common disease, but currently has been listed in the case of more varieties of precision treatment of Chinese patent medicine, spend less on research and development; especially for which have no innovation and breakthrough varieties, try not to focus on them.

R287.5

中醫(yī)藥傳承與創(chuàng)新“百千萬(wàn)”人才工程（岐黃工程）—國(guó)家中醫(yī)藥領(lǐng)軍人才支持計(jì)劃（國(guó)中醫(yī)藥人教發(fā)［2018］12號(hào)）；中華中醫(yī)藥學(xué)會(huì)求實(shí)項(xiàng)目（兒科專項(xiàng)）（2022-QSEKZX-01，2022-QSEKZX-04）