目的 評價小兒熱速清糖漿治療急性上呼吸道感染表里俱熱證的經濟性。方法 基于隨機雙盲、陽性藥（小兒清熱寧顆粒）平行對照試驗，運用成本-效果分析方法進行經濟學評價，并采用Treeage Pro軟件進行敏感性分析。結果 試驗組和對照組成本均值分別為162.13元和119.86元。試驗組、對照組中醫(yī)證候痊愈率分別為46.40%、31.30%，組間比較差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.001），增量成本-效果比（ICER值，ΔC/ΔE）為每百分比2.80元；發(fā)熱完全消失率分別為69.70%、63.40%，組間比較差異無統(tǒng)計學意義（P>0.05）；便秘消失率分別為88.47%、80.00%，組間比較差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.05），ICER為每百分比4.99元。敏感性分析結果顯示，試驗組具有經濟性的可能更大。結論 在具有療效優(yōu)勢的情況下，試驗藥（小兒熱速清糖漿）相對于對照藥（小兒清熱寧顆粒）增加的成本是值得的。

Objective To evaluate the economic effect of Xiao'er Resuqing Tangjiang in treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infection with both external and internal heat syndrome. Methods Based on a randomized, double-blind, positive drug (Xiaoer Qingrening Keli) parallel controlled trial, the cost-effectiveness analysis method was used, and the sensitivity analysis was performed by Treeage Pro software. Results The average cost of the experimental group and the control group were 162.13 yuan and 119.86 yuan, respectively. The cure rates of TCM syndromes in the experimental group and the control group were 46.40% and 31.30%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). The ICER was 2.80 yuan/percentage. The complete disappearance rates of fever were 69.70% and 63.40%, respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The disappearance rates of constipation were 88.47% and 80.00%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The ICER was 4.99 yuan/percentage. The results of sensitivity analysis showed that the experimental group was more likely to be economical. Conclusions The increased cost of the test drug (Xiao'er Resuqing Tangjiang) relative to the control drug (Xiao'er Qingrening Keli) is worth it when there is an efficacy advantage.

R98

國家科技重大專項（民口）課題——兒童中藥新藥臨床評價技術示范性平臺建設（2020ZX09201-008）