目的 評價50種中藥甲醇提取物對嗜水氣單胞菌的體外抑菌效果以及抗生物膜生成活性。方法 采取甲醇浸提的方法制備中藥甲醇提取物，計算提取率；利用多功能酶標儀檢測600nm處的吸光度（A₆₀₀）值測定各提取物（0.1、0.2、0.4、0.8、1.6、3.2mg·mL^-1）作用16h對嗜水氣單胞菌的抑菌率；結晶紫染色法結合多功能酶標儀測定各提取物的抗生物膜活性。結果 蘇木、白芍、側柏葉等32種中藥甲醇提取物對嗜水氣單胞菌抑菌效果明顯，其中蘇木甲醇提取物的抑菌效果最顯著，最大抑菌率達95.56%，起效質量濃度為0.1mg·mL^-1；石菖蒲、大青葉、廣藿香等20種中藥甲醇提取物明顯抑制嗜水氣單胞菌生物被膜的生成，其中白芍的最大抑制率達96.78%。結論 夏枯草、野菊花、大青葉、赤芍、石菖蒲、地膚子、連翹、蘇木、肉桂、女貞子、白芍、甘草、肉豆蔻、雞血藤、烏藥、莪術、側柏葉17種中藥對嗜水氣單胞菌同時具有抑菌和抑制生物膜生長活性。

Objective To evaluate the in vitro antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities of 50 kinds of tranditional Chiese medicine (TCM) extracts against Aeromonas hydrophila. Methods The methanol extract was prepared by methanol extraction and the extraction rate was calculated. Multifunctional enzyme marker was used to detect the absorbance (A₆₀₀ nm) value at 600 nm to determine the inhibitory rate of each extract (0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, 3.2 mg·mL^-1) against A.hydrophila for 16 h. The antibiofilm activity of the extracts was determined by crystal violet staining and multifunctional enzyme marker. Results Totally 32 kinds of TCM methanol extracts, including Caesalpinia sappan, Paeonia iactiflora and Platycladus orientalis and so on, showed obvious bacteriostatic effect on A.hydrophila, among which Sappan Lignum showed the most significant bacteriostatic effect with the maximum bacteriostatic rate of 95.56% and effective concentration of 0.1 mg·mL^-1. The methanol extracts of 20 kinds of TCM, such as Acorus tatarinowii, Isatis indigotica and Pogostemon cablin and so on, inhibited the biofilm formation of A.hydropaeoniae, and the maximum inhibitory rate of Paeonia iactiflora was 96.78%. Conclusion 17 TCM have bothe antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity, including Prunella vulgaris, Chrysanthemum indicum, Isatis indigotica, Paeonia iactiflora, Acorus tatarinowii, Kochia scoparia, Forsythia suspensa, Caesalpinia sappan, Cinnamomum cassia, Ligustrum lucidum, Paeonia iactiflora, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Myristica fragrans, Spatholobus suberectus, Lindera aggregata, Curcuma phaeocaulis, Platycladus orientalis.

R285.5

國家自然科學基金資助項目（31670129）；中國博士后科學基金面上資助項目（2019M662214）；博士科研啟動專項基金（20220105）