細(xì)胞治療給許多疾病帶來希望，已經(jīng)成為業(yè)界關(guān)注的熱點之一。盡管細(xì)胞治療在治療效力方面取得了快速發(fā)展，但移植細(xì)胞在體內(nèi)的生物分布及機(jī)制尚不清楚。細(xì)胞體內(nèi)示蹤技術(shù)的不足嚴(yán)重影響了細(xì)胞治療的臨床轉(zhuǎn)化應(yīng)用。目前，多種細(xì)胞體內(nèi)示蹤技術(shù)已經(jīng)應(yīng)用于臨床前研究，如染料標(biāo)記追蹤、放射性同位素追蹤、納米顆粒標(biāo)記技術(shù)、報告基因技術(shù)、實時定量聚合酶鏈?zhǔn)椒磻?yīng)（qRT-PCR）技術(shù)、組織學(xué)技術(shù)等，但缺乏完美可靠的示蹤技術(shù)。為比較不同的示蹤技術(shù)，對目前研究中應(yīng)用的細(xì)胞示蹤技術(shù)進(jìn)行綜述。

Cellular therapy has brought hope to many diseases and has become one of the hot spots in the pharmaceutical world. Although cellular therapy has made rapid progress in therapeutic efficacy, the biodistribution of cellular therapy products in vivo and the mechanisms involved are still unclear. Inadequate in vivo cellular tracing techniques have hindered the mastery of cell fate and severely impacted the clinical translation of cellular therapy applications. A variety of in vivo cell tracing techniques have been applied in preclinical studies, such as dye labeling tracing, radioisotope tracing, nanoparticle labelling techniques, reporter gene techniques, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) techniques, and histological techniques, but a perfect and reliable tracing technique is lacking. In order to compare the different tracing techniques, a review of the cellular tracing techniques applied in current research is presented.

國家重點研發(fā)計劃課題（2021YFA1101602）；中國科學(xué)院戰(zhàn)略先導(dǎo)科技專項（XDA1604050202）；中國食品藥品檢定研究院關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究基金（GJJS-2022-6-1）