目的 通過(guò)生物信息學(xué)方法研究與鐵死亡相關(guān)的治療膽管癌潛在作用機(jī)制，高通量篩選通過(guò)鐵死亡途徑治療膽管癌疾病的潛在小分子藥物。方法 在GEO（Gene Expression Omnibus）在線數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中檢索與膽管癌相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)集，使用TCGA（The Cancer Genome Atlas）數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)獲得膽管癌相關(guān)樣本及正常樣本的數(shù)據(jù)，將上述篩選得到的數(shù)據(jù)集矩陣進(jìn)行規(guī)范化數(shù)據(jù)整理，通過(guò)Sanger平臺(tái)對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)集中的靶點(diǎn)基因進(jìn)行l(wèi)imma差異分析，通過(guò)FerrDb鐵死亡相關(guān)分析數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)收集與鐵死亡相關(guān)的靶點(diǎn)，將收集得到的鐵死亡相關(guān)靶點(diǎn)與差異分析得到的膽管癌相關(guān)疾病靶點(diǎn)取交集后，得到共同靶點(diǎn)，將上述共同靶點(diǎn)導(dǎo)入STRING數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，得到與鐵死亡相關(guān)的膽管癌疾病靶點(diǎn)間的蛋白質(zhì)相互作用（PPI）網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析，篩選核心靶點(diǎn)，分別使用DAVID v6.8與Funrich富集分析軟件對(duì)上述潛在作用靶點(diǎn)進(jìn)行生物學(xué)功能與信號(hào)通路的富集分析，并利用cMAP（Connectivity Map）數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)高通量篩選通過(guò)鐵死亡途徑治療膽管癌疾病的潛在小分子藥物，將小分子化合物與靶蛋白進(jìn)行分子對(duì)接分析，通過(guò)TIMER（Tumor Immune Estimation Resource）數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)分析鐵死亡與膽管癌疾病共同靶點(diǎn)各自間表達(dá)水平與免疫細(xì)胞浸潤(rùn)水平或免疫檢查點(diǎn)表達(dá)水平的相關(guān)性。結(jié)果 篩選得到3 133個(gè)膽管癌相關(guān)靶點(diǎn)，鐵死亡相關(guān)靶點(diǎn)487個(gè)，取交集處理共得到93個(gè)鐵死亡與膽管癌疾病相關(guān)的共同靶點(diǎn)，共同靶點(diǎn)的基因本體（GO）功能富集分析結(jié)果提示鐵死亡途徑對(duì)膽管癌治療方面可能與轉(zhuǎn)錄調(diào)控相關(guān)過(guò)程、凋亡與細(xì)胞增殖等密切相關(guān)，京都基因與基因組百科全書（KEGG）信號(hào)通路富集分析結(jié)果表明鐵死亡途徑對(duì)膽管癌治療方面可能與TRAJL分子信號(hào)通路、表皮生長(zhǎng)因子受體（EGFR/ErbB）相關(guān)信號(hào)通路、鞘氨醇-1-磷酸受體-1（S1P1）分子信號(hào)通路、胰島素相關(guān)信號(hào)通路等過(guò)程密切相關(guān)，通過(guò)篩選得到3個(gè)小分子化合物（海恩酮、氯可托龍戊酸酯、利扎曲普坦），分子對(duì)接結(jié)果表明氯可托龍戊酸酯與其他2種成分相比，對(duì)上述3個(gè)潛在核心共同作用靶點(diǎn)（TP53、PTEN、SRC）的結(jié)合普遍較其余小分子成分強(qiáng)，從而提示其有望通過(guò)鐵死亡途徑治療膽管癌相關(guān)疾病。結(jié)論 以鐵死亡途徑作為切入點(diǎn)，通過(guò)生物信息學(xué)方法探尋治療膽管癌的分子作用機(jī)制及蛋白靶點(diǎn)，從而篩選得到潛在的治療藥物，具有重要意義。

Objective To screen the potential therapeutic targets of cholangiocarcinoma associated with ferroptosis using bioinformatics methods, and to high-throughput screen the potential small molecule drugs for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma diseases through ferroptosis mechanisms. Methods Data sets related to cholangiocarcinoma were retrieved from GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) online database, and the data of cholangiocarcinoma related samples and normal samples were obtained from TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) database. The data set matrix obtained from the above screening was standardized, and limma difference analysis was performed on target genes in the data set through Sanger platform, and targets related to ferroptosis were collected through FerrDb ferroptosis related online database, and after intersecting the collected ferroptosis related targets with cholangiocarcinoma targets obtained through differential analysis methods, a common target is obtained. The common targets are imported into the STRING database to obtain protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis between ferroptosis related cholangiocarcinoma targets. Core targets are screened, and biological functional and signaling pathway enrichment analysis are performed on the above potential targets using DAVID v6.8 and Funrich enrichment analysis software. Using the cMAP (Connectivity MAP) database to high-throughput screen potential small molecule drugs for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma through the ferroptosis pathway, and molecular docking analysis was performed on small molecule compounds and target proteins. The TIMER (Tumor Immune Estimation Resource) database was used to analyze the correlation between the expression levels of common targets of ferroptosis and cholangiocarcinoma, immune cell infiltration levels, or immune checkpoint expression levels. Results 3 133 targets related to cholangiocarcinoma and 487 targets related to ferroptosis were identified, and a total of 93 common targets related to ferroptosis and cholangiocarcinoma were obtained by intersection. The GO functional enrichment analysis of the common targets suggested that the ferroptosis pathway may be closely related to the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma. The KEGG signaling pathway enrichment analysis results showed that the ferroptosis pathway may be related to the TRAJL molecular signaling pathway in the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma. The EGF(ErbB) receptor related signaling pathway, S1P1 molecular signaling pathway, insulin related signaling pathway, and other processes are also closely related it. Meanwhile, some small molecule compounds were identified through screening, and a total of three components were identified. Molecular docking results showed that compared with the other two components, the binding of chlorotolone valerate to the three potential core targets mentioned above is generally stronger than the other small molecule components, this suggests that it has the potential to treat cholangiocarcinoma related diseases through the ferroptosis pathway. Conclusion Using the ferroptosis pathway as a starting point, potential targets for cholangiocarcinoma can be identified through bioinformatics methods, and potential therapeutic drugs can be screened.

R979.1

山東省藥學(xué)會(huì)醫(yī)院藥學(xué)科研專項(xiàng)項(xiàng)目（yyyx2021ms-04）