目的 評價高良姜素（GA）對斑馬魚整體形態(tài)及心、肝、腎主要臟器的影響。方法 采用不同濃度（1、2、4、6、8、12、18、28、30、32、64 μmol·L^-1）高良姜素處理受精后48 h（48 hpf）的斑馬魚，給藥24、48 h后（24、48 hpe），計算斑馬魚死亡率和畸形率；顯微鏡下觀察高良姜素對斑馬魚形態(tài)、心率、心包面積、靜脈竇-動脈球（SV-BA）距離、肝臟、卵黃囊吸收及眼部水腫情況的影響。結(jié)果 斑馬魚暴露在1、2、4、6、8、12 μmol·L^-1濃度下的高良姜素均無死亡；24 hpe，高良姜素對斑馬魚的半數(shù)致死濃度（LC⁵⁰）為30 μmol·L^-1；48 hpe的LC⁵⁰為28 μmol·L^-1。與空白對照組比較，24 hpe ，濃度≥ 8 μmol·L^-1的高良姜素處理斑馬魚畸形率顯著上升（P<0.05）；48 hpe，濃度≥6 μmol·L^-1的高良姜素處理斑馬魚畸形率顯著升高（P<0.01）。與空白對照組相比，4 μmol·L^-1及以下濃度的高良姜素對斑馬魚形態(tài)及心、肝、腎無明顯影響。與空白對照組相比，在24 hpe，8 μmol·L^-1高良姜素組斑馬魚發(fā)育評分、相對體長顯著降低（P<0.001），心臟出現(xiàn)輕微的心包水腫、心包面積顯著增加（P<0.05）、心率及SV-BA距離無明顯變化，肝臟面積和肝臟熒光強度顯著減小（P< 0.001），卵黃囊面積顯著增加（P<0.001），腎臟無明顯變化；在48 hpe，6 μmol·L^-1濃度及以上高良姜素組發(fā)育評分顯著降低（P<0.05、0.001），斑馬魚心臟出現(xiàn)輕微的心包水腫、心包面積顯著增加（P<0.001）、心率顯著減?。?i>P<0.01）、SV-BA距離顯著增加（P< 0.01），肝臟面積和肝臟熒光強度顯著減?。?i>P<0.01、0.001），卵黃囊面積顯著增加（P<0.01、0.001），8 μmol·L^-1組相對體長顯著降低（P<0.001）。結(jié)論 高良姜素在4 μmol·L^-1及以下對斑馬魚無毒性影響；6 μmol·L^-1及以上濃度對斑馬魚有輕微的心臟毒性和肝臟毒性，在臨床應(yīng)用中要合理控制用量。

Objective To evaluate the effects of Galangin (GA) on the overall morphology and major organs of heart, liver and kidney of zebrafish. Methods The zebrafish 48 h (48 hpf) after fertilization were treated with GA at different concentrations (1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18, 28, 30, 32, 64 μmol·L^-1). After 24 and 48 hours of experimental treatment (24 and 48 hpe), the mortality and malformation rates of zebrafish were calculated. The effects of GA on the overall morphology, heart rate, pericardial area, SV-BA distance, liver and yolk sac absorption and eye edema of zebrafish were observed. Results Zebrafish exposed to a concentration of 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 μmol·L^-1, there was no death of galangin. 24 hpe, the LC⁵⁰ of galangin to zebrafish was 30 μmol·L^-1. The LC⁵⁰ for 48 hpe was 28 μmol·L^-1. Compared with the blank control group, 24 hpe, the deformity rate of zebrafish significantly increased with concentration ≥ 8 μmol·L^-1 (P< 0.05), 48 hpe the deformity rate of zebrafish was significantly increased (P< 0.01) when treated with high quality curcumin of 6 μmol·L^-1. Compared with the blank control group, the concentration of galangin at or below 4 μmol·L^-1 had no significant effect on the morphology, heart, liver, and kidney of zebrafish. Compared with the blank control group, at 24 hpe, in the 6 μmol·L^-1 galangin group, the development score and relative body length of zebrafish were significantly reduced (P< 0.001), with mild pericardial edema in the heart, significant increase in pericardial area (P< 0.05), no significant changes in heart rate and SV-BA distance, significant decrease in liver area and fluorescence intensity (P< 0.001), significant increase in yolk sac area (P< 0.001), and no significant changes in the kidneys. At 48 hpe, in the ≥ 8 μmol·L^-1 galangin group, the development score significantly decreased (P< 0.05, 0.001), and the heart of zebrafish showed slight pericardial edema, significant increase in pericardial area (P< 0.001), significant decrease in heart rate (P< 0.01), significant increase in SV-BA distance (P< 0.01), significant decrease in liver area and liver fluorescence intensity (P< 0.01, 0.001), and significant increase in yolk sac area (P< 0.01, 0.001). The relative body length of the 8 μmol·L^-1 group was significantly reduced (P< 0.001). Conclusion GA showed no toxicity on zebrafish at 4 μmol·L^-1 and below. The concentration of GA above 6 μmol·L^-1 has slight cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity to zebrafish, so it is necessary to control the dosage reasonably in clinical application.

R965.3

自治區(qū)自然科學(xué)基金項目（2021D01A156）；國家自然科學(xué)地區(qū)科學(xué)基金項目（82160821）；天山英才項目（2022TSYCCX0021，2022TSYCLJ009）；自治區(qū)重點研發(fā)項目（2022B03012-4）；2020年新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)高層次人才引進(jìn)工程（柔性引進(jìn)人才）項目資助