目的 通過(guò)治療雄激素性脫發(fā)（AGA）方劑的組方用藥規(guī)律分析，并結(jié)合網(wǎng)絡(luò)靶標(biāo)反向查找中藥，發(fā)現(xiàn)治療AGA的有效中藥，為處方發(fā)現(xiàn)提供依據(jù)。方法 以“脫發(fā)”為關(guān)鍵詞，在中醫(yī)藥百科全書(shū)在線數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)（ETCM v2.0）檢索古代方劑和中成藥，按照排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行篩選后，采用中醫(yī)傳承輔助系統(tǒng)（v2.5）開(kāi)展用藥頻次、藥性理論、關(guān)聯(lián)規(guī)則等分析。利用文獻(xiàn)檢索AGA相關(guān)通路及靶點(diǎn)，反向查找靶點(diǎn)所對(duì)應(yīng)的中藥，對(duì)2部分中藥進(jìn)行交集，按照中藥材對(duì)應(yīng)靶點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù)進(jìn)行排序，在中醫(yī)藥整合藥理學(xué)研究平臺(tái)（TCMIP v2.0）收集排名前20味中藥的化學(xué)成分，用Cytoscape 3.8.0軟件構(gòu)建“中藥-成分-靶點(diǎn)-通路”網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖，并進(jìn)行可視化。結(jié)果 分析得出傳統(tǒng)組方中治療脫發(fā)的高頻次中藥為當(dāng)歸、川芎、熟地黃、茯苓、附子、白術(shù)等，核心組合10個(gè)，使用頻次＞10的關(guān)聯(lián)規(guī)則6個(gè)。依據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)分析富集靶點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù)最多的中藥為枸杞子、山藥、半夏、地黃等，同時(shí)富集4條通路及雄激素受體（AR）、II型5α-還原酶（SRD5A2）基因的中藥為丹參，其發(fā)揮作用的成分為丹參環(huán)庚三烯酚酮、胡蘿卜苷、齊墩果醇酸、丹參醛、丹酚酸B。結(jié)論 針對(duì)AGA的中藥主要以補(bǔ)肝血、養(yǎng)血滋陰類為主。丹參可能是治療AGA的潛在有效中藥材，并可能是通過(guò)丹參環(huán)庚三烯酚酮、胡蘿卜苷、齊墩果醇酸、丹參醛、丹酚酸B等成分發(fā)揮作用。

Objective Through the analysis of the prescription medication rules of the prescription for the treatment of androgenic alopecia, and combined with the network target reverse search of traditional Chinese medicine, the effective traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of the disease was found, which provided the basis for prescription discovery by combining modern medicine. Methods The study was conducted by searching for relevant prescriptions in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Encyclopedia Online Database (ETCM v2.0) using "hair loss" as the keyword. After applying exclusion criteria, the study analyzed the frequency of medication, the theory of drug properties and the association rules using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Assistance System (v2.5). The study also utilized a literature search to identify relevant pathways and targets related to androgenetic alopecia. Then, it conducted a reverse search to find the corresponding Chinese herbal medicines for these targets. The two sets of herbal medicines were then intersected and ranked based on the number of targets they correspond to. The top 20 herbal medicines were selected, and their chemical components were collected from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Pharmacology Database (TCMIP). The software Cytoscape3.8.0 was used to construct a network graph of "herbal medicinecomponent-target-pathway" and visualized it. Results This study analyzed that the high-frequency drugs in traditional Chinese medicine formulas for treating androgenetic alopecia were Angelica sinensis, Ligusticum chuanxiong, Rehmannia glutinosa, Poria cocos, Aconitum carmichaelii, and Atractylodes macrocephala, among others. Ten core combinations and six association rules with a usage frequency greater than 10 were identified. Based on the database analysis, the study identified several Chinese herbal medicines that were enriched with a higher number of target proteins, such as wolfberry fruit, Chinese yam, pinellia tuber, and Chinese foxglove. Additionally, the study found that Salvia miltiorrhiza enriched in four pathways and targeted AR gene and SRD5A2 gene. The active components identified for Salvia miltiorrhiza including danshenol B, miltipolone, alexandrin, 3-Oacetyloleanolic acid, and tanshinaldehyde. Conclusion Studies showed that traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia mainly consists of tonifying the liver and nourishing blood and yin. In addition, compounds such as danshenol B, miltipolone, alexandrin, 3-O-acetyloleanolic acid, and tanshinaldehyde found in Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen) may have good therapeutic effects against androgenetic alopecia.

R285.5

國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目（82074448）