目的 研究五靈脂中重金屬及有害元素和砷形態(tài)、價(jià)態(tài)，并對(duì)其安全性進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。方法 采用微波消解法結(jié)合電感耦合等離子體質(zhì)譜（ICP-MS）法對(duì)五靈脂中鉛（Pb）、鎘（Cd）、砷（As）、汞（Hg）、銅（Cu）5種重金屬及有害元素進(jìn)行測(cè)定，參照現(xiàn)行《中國(guó)藥典》2020年版植物藥重金屬及有害元素的限量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、采用單項(xiàng)污染指數(shù)法對(duì)有害元素潛在的安全性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)；另外采用高效液相聯(lián)用電感耦合等離子體質(zhì)譜（HPLC-ICP-MS）法對(duì)一甲基砷（MMA）、二甲基砷（DMA）、亞砷酸（AsⅢ）、砷酸（AsⅤ）、砷甜菜堿（AsB）、砷膽堿（AsC）6種砷形態(tài)、價(jià)態(tài)進(jìn)行研究。結(jié)果 2種方法的線性關(guān)系、精密度、重復(fù)性、回收率均良好。五靈脂中5種重金屬及有害元素的安全性較高。HPLC-ICP-MS結(jié)果表明，部分藥材中檢出微量的無(wú)機(jī)砷（AsⅢ和AsⅤ），結(jié)果相對(duì)安全可控。結(jié)論 為五靈脂重金屬及有害元素限量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定提供了數(shù)據(jù)支持，同時(shí)有助于未來(lái)準(zhǔn)確評(píng)價(jià)有害元素帶來(lái)的安全性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

Objective The purpose of this research was to study the heavy metals, harmful elements and arsenic species in the Chinese medicine Trogopterus Xanthipes, and evaluate its safety. Methods Microwave digestion combined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to treat five heavy metals and harmful substances in Trogopterus Xanthipes: lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg) and copper (Cu) were determined. With reference to the current limit standards for heavy metals and harmful elements in botanicals in the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the individual pollution index method was used to evaluate the potential safety risks of harmful elements. In addition, high-performance liquid phase coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS) was used to analyze methyl arsenic (MMA), methyl arsenic (DMA), arsenous acid (AsⅢ), arsenic acid (AsⅤ), arsenic betaine (AsB), and arsenic choline (AsC). Results The research results showed that the linear relationship, injection precision, repeatability and recovery rate of the two methods were good. The results showed that the five heavy metals and harmful elements in Trogopterus Xanthipes were highly safe. HPLC-ICP-MS results showed that trace amounts of inorganic arsenic (AsⅢ and AsⅤ) were detected in some medicinal materials, and the results were relatively safe and controllable. Conclusion This research provides data support for the formulation of the limit standards for Trogopterus Xanthipes heavy metals and harmful elements, and at the same time helps to accurately evaluate the safety risks brought by harmful elements in the future.

R927.1

國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃（2022YFC3501500）